Infrastructure failure interdependencies in extreme events: power outage consequences in the 1998 Ice Storm
Infrastructure failure interdependencies in extreme events: power outage consequences in the 1998 Ice Storm
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DOI：
10.1007/s11069-006-9039-4
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发表时间：
2007-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Peterson, Krista
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chang, Stephanie E.;McDaniels, Timothy L.;Peterson, Krista
本文研究了灾害中关键基础设施的相互依赖故障问题。电力或交通等关键基础设施系统的中断往往会直接或通过一个系统的故障导致或加剧另一个系统的中断，从而在灾害中造成重大的社会和经济损失。需要采取有关基础设施故障的战略方法来指导社区的缓解和备灾工作。本文从社会影响的角度定义并提供了一个研究基础设施失效相互依赖(IFI)的概念框架。为了确定经验模式，开发了一个独特的数据库，其中包含在重大停电事件中观察到的IFI。本文分析了加拿大一场重大灾难--1998年影响该国东北部地区的冰暴--的数据。这项分析确定了由风暴造成的停电造成的IFI是最受社会关注的。这些是有效、有针对性的灾前减灾和备灾工作的潜在重点。该框架和方法广泛适用于各种自然和人为危害。
This paper addresses the problem of interdependent failures of critical infrastructures in disasters. Disruptions to critical infrastructure systems such as electric power or transportation frequently cause major social and economic loss in disasters, both directly and through failures in one system leading to or compounding disruptions in another. Strategic approaches regarding infrastructure failures are needed to guide community mitigation and preparedness efforts. This paper defines and provides a conceptual framework for investigating infrastructure failure interdependencies (IFIs) from the standpoint of societal impacts. In order to identify empirical patterns, a unique database has been developed of IFIs observed in major electric power outage events. This paper presents analysis of this data for a major Canadian disaster, the 1998 Ice Storm that affected the northeastern region of the country. The analysis identifies IFIs due to power outage caused by the storm that are of greatest societal concern. These represent potential foci for effective, targeted pre-disaster mitigation and preparedness efforts. The framework and approach are broadly applicable across a range of natural and human-induced hazards.