Intelligence and Creativity in Problem Solving: The Importance of Test Features in Cognition Research.
Intelligence and Creativity in Problem Solving: The Importance of Test Features in Cognition Research.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00134
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Lachmann T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jaarsveld S;Lachmann T
本文讨论了心理测量学测验的三个特征对认知研究的重要性：结构定义、问题空间和知识域。结构的定义，例如，智力或创造力，构成了测试结构的理论基础。问题空间，是好的或不好的定义，是由被认为属于结构的认知能力决定的，例如，聚合思维对智力的影响，发散思维对创造力的影响。知识领域及其提供认知的可能性反映在测试结果中。我们认为，（a）比较测试结果与不同的问题空间是更翔实的认知操作时，在两个测试在一个相同的知识领域，和（B）交织的能力相关的两个结构只能在测试开发煽动这样一个过程。测试功能应该保证这些能力能够为自我生成和目标导向的过程做出贡献，从而带来新的和适用的解决方案。我们提出并讨论了一个测试的例子，开发来解决这些问题。
This paper discusses the importance of three features of psychometric tests for cognition research: construct definition, problem space, and knowledge domain. Definition of constructs, e.g., intelligence or creativity, forms the theoretical basis for test construction. Problem space, being well or ill-defined, is determined by the cognitive abilities considered to belong to the constructs, e.g., convergent thinking to intelligence, divergent thinking to creativity. Knowledge domain and the possibilities it offers cognition are reflected in test results. We argue that (a) comparing results of tests with different problem spaces is more informative when cognition operates in both tests on an identical knowledge domain, and (b) intertwining of abilities related to both constructs can only be expected in tests developed to instigate such a process. Test features should guarantee that abilities can contribute to self-generated and goal-directed processes bringing forth solutions that are both new and applicable. We propose and discuss a test example that was developed to address these issues.