Insights into differentiation and function of the transition region between the seminiferous tubule and rete testis
Insights into differentiation and function of the transition region between the seminiferous tubule and rete testis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.diff.2021.06.002
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发表时间：
2021-07-03
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Franca, L. R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Figueiredo, A. F. A.;Hess, Rex A.;Franca, L. R.
生精小管通过称为过渡区（TR）的短片段与睾丸网物理连接。在胎儿发育过程中，这种特化的连接被认为是睾丸索开始形成的初始部位，并在出生后长到成年，形成卷曲的管状核心。支持细胞（上皮的体细胞）的有丝分裂活动在青春期前停止，但TR中的修饰支持细胞仍然不成熟并能够增殖。这篇综述介绍了什么是已知的这个专门的区域的睾丸，强调的形态，分子和生理特征，这支持的假设，这短的上皮过渡区作为一个专门的生态位未分化的支持细胞和精原干细胞。此外，该区域的免疫细胞数量增加，这表明当精子进入睾丸网时，在监测和应对自身抗原的任何泄漏方面具有重要的活性。过渡区的几个结构/功能特性进行了讨论和比较跨物种。
Seminiferous tubules physically connect to the rete testis through short segments called the transition region (TR). During fetal development, this specialized junction is considered the initial site where testis cords begin to form and to grow in length well beyond birth and into adulthood and form convoluted tubular cores. Mitotic activity of the Sertoli cell, the somatic cell of the epithelium, ceases before puberty, but modified Sertoli cells in the TR remain immature and capable of proliferation. This review presents what is known about this specialized region of the testis, with an emphasis on the morphological, molecular and physiological features, which support the hypothesis that this short region of epithelial transition serves as a specialized niche for undifferentiated Sertoli cells and spermatogonial stem cells. Also, the region is populated by an elevated number of immune cells, suggesting an important activity in monitoring and responding to any leakage of autoantigens, as sperm enter the rete testis. Several structure/function characteristics of the transition region are discussed and compared across species.