Assessment of Feeding and Swallowing by Cone Beam Computed Tomography —Changes in Oropharyngeal Airway Shape with Aging—
Assessment of Feeding and Swallowing by Cone Beam Computed Tomography —Changes in Oropharyngeal Airway Shape with Aging—
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通过锥形束计算机断层扫描评估喂养和吞咽 — 口咽气道形状随年龄增长的变化 —
DOI：
10.7881/dentalmedres.33.81
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Y. Mukai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hideo Ariyoshi;S. Hironaka;M. Murata;Kentaro Ishikawa;Akiko Ishizaki;T. Murayama;Y. Mukai
随着日本社会的超老龄化，由于口咽阻塞而导致的窒息死亡率已经增加;现在它大于交通事故的死亡率，并且相信该比率将继续增加。口咽与呼吸道交叉的形状和功能在确保食物从口腔运送到咽和食管方面最具影响力。我们试图阐明从青少年到70多岁的口咽气道的形状和特征的变化。共57例患者按年龄（青少年、20、30、40、50、60和70岁）分组，所有患者均接受锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT），以测量口咽体积、高度、横截面积和上级和下肢长度。Kruskal-Wallis分析表明，口咽部的体积和高度在不同年龄组间无显著性差异，但其上级和下级的横截面积在不同年龄组间有不同的趋势。此外，下肢的形状也是不同的特点之间的年轻和老年患者。在人类中，口咽气道在通过食道运送食物和促进发声方面起着重要作用。理想情况下，重要的是该气道保持恒定的体积和高度。近年来，老年人口咽部气道阻塞事故的发生率有所增加。摄食和吞咽功能的下降以及口咽部形态的改变是这些事故的主要因素。
With super aged society in Japan, the death rate from choking due to blockage of the oropharynx has increased; it is now greater than that from traffi c accidents and it is believed that this rate will continue to increase. The shape and function of the oropharyngeal crossing with the respiratory tract are most infl uential in ensuring that food is carried from the oral cavity to the pharynx and the esophagus. We sought to clarify the changes in the shape and features of the oropharyngeal airway from teenagers to those in their 70 s. A total of 57 patients were grouped by age (teenagers, 20s, 30s, 40s, 50s, 60s and 70s), and all underwent cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to measure the oropharynx volume, height, cross-sectional area, and length of the superior and inferior extremities. Kruskal-Wallis analysis indicated that the volume and height of the oropharynx did no signifi cant difference among age groups, but there was a different tendency when cross-sectional areas of the superior and inferior extremities were compared between younger and older patients. Further, the shape of the inferior extremity was also different features between younger and older patients. In humans, the oropharyngeal airway plays an important role in carrying food through the esophagus and facilitating phonation. Ideally, it is important for this airway to maintain a constant volume and height. Recently, there has been an increase in the incidence of oropharyngeal airway blockage accidents among the elderly. Declines in feeding and swallowing functions and changes in the form of the oropharynx are major factors in these accidents.