The frequency of involuntary autobiographical memories and future thoughts in relation to daydreaming, emotional distress, and age.
The frequency of involuntary autobiographical memories and future thoughts in relation to daydreaming, emotional distress, and age.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.concog.2015.07.007
复制
发表时间：
2015-11
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Salgado S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berntsen D;Rubin DC;Salgado S
我们引入了一种新的量表，即非自愿自传体记忆量表（IAMI），用于测量非自愿自传体记忆和非自愿未来想法的频率。使用其他心理测量和人口统计学措施的规模提供了三个重要的，新颖的发现。首先，非自愿和自愿记忆以及未来想法的频率与情绪困扰的一般措施类似。这挑战了无意识模式与情绪困扰唯一相关的观点。第二，无意识自传体记忆的频率不会随着年龄的增长而下降，而白日做梦、抑制不想要的想法和解离体验的测量结果都是如此。因此，与白日梦和其他形式的自发和不可控制的想法相比，无意识的自传体记忆与衰老的关系不同。第三，与非自愿的自传体记忆不同，未来思想的频率确实会随着年龄的增长而下降。这一发现强调了研究过去和未来心理时间旅行与衰老和寿命发展的关系的必要性。
We introduce a new scale, the Involuntary Autobiographical Memory Inventory (IAMI), for measuring the frequency of involuntary autobiographical memories and involuntary future thoughts. Using the scale in relation to other psychometric and demographic measures provided three important, novel findings. First, the frequency of involuntary and voluntary memories and future thoughts are similarly related to general measures of emotional distress. This challenges the idea that the involuntary mode is uniquely associated with emotional distress. Second, the frequency of involuntary autobiographical remembering does not decline with age, whereas measures of daydreaming, suppression of unwanted thoughts and dissociative experiences all do. Thus, involuntary autobiographical remembering relates differently to aging than daydreaming and other forms of spontaneous and uncontrollable thoughts. Third, unlike involuntary autobiographical remembering, the frequency of future thoughts does decrease with age. This finding underscores the need for examining past and future mental time travel in relation to aging and life span development.