Conspicuousness of Dickerson's collared lizard (Crotaphytus dickersonae) through the eyes of conspecifics and predators
Conspicuousness of Dickerson's collared lizard (Crotaphytus dickersonae) through the eyes of conspecifics and predators
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1095-8312.2009.01217.x
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发表时间：
2009-08-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Kemp, Darrell J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Macedonia, Joseph M.;Lappin, A. Kristopher;Kemp, Darrell J.
选择应该有利于生物体的颜色，这些颜色对它们自己的视觉系统比对它们的捕食者或猎物更明显。我们在迪克森的衣领蜥蜴(Croaphytus Dickersonae)身上测试了这一预测，这是一种性别二色性的沙漠爬行动物，捕食昆虫和较小的蜥蜴物种，而后者又是鸟类和蛇的猎物。我们模拟了蜥蜴及其鸟类和蛇类捕食者的光谱敏感度，并比较了蜥蜴的整个颜色模式对每一类观众的显着性。几乎所有涉及雌性的比较都有力地支持了我们的预测，即相对于本地陆地视觉背景，它们自己的建模视觉系统比鸟类和蛇类捕食者的视觉系统具有更大的色度和亮度。相比之下，与捕食者相比，雄性对自己的视觉系统表现出更大显眼的情况要少得多。我们自己对蓝色Dickersonae雄性与当地非陆地视觉背景(即Cortez海)之间的光谱相似性的感知促使了进一步的研究。我们比较了海面(和天空)辐射度与雄性Dickersonae的背部辐射度，以及来自两个雄性具有蓝色身体的远亲克罗塔普斯种群的雄性。在所有三个视觉模型中，雄性Dickersonae与海洋(和天空)的色度对比度明显低于它们非海岸的蓝色身体同类。在可能的解释中，雄性Dickersonae特有的蓝色身体颜色可能会通过减少与广泛的、当地的、非陆地的海洋和天空蓝色背景的对比度来抵消捕食者(和猎物)的能见度成本，如果只是轻微的话。(C)《伦敦林尼安学会》，《林尼安学会生物杂志》，2009年，97,749-765。
Selection should favour coloration in organisms that is more conspicuous to their own visual system than to those of their predators or prey. We tested this prediction in Dickerson's collared lizard (Crotaphytus dickersonae), a sexually dichromatic desert reptile that preys on insects and smaller lizard species, and which in turn is prey for birds and snakes. We modelled the spectral sensitivities of the lizards and their avian and snake predators, and compared the conspicuousness of the lizards' entire colour patterns with each class of viewers. Almost all comparisons involving females strongly supported our prediction for greater chromatic and brightness conspicuousness against local terrestrial visual backgrounds to their own modelled visual system than to those of avian and snake predators. Males, in contrast, exhibited far fewer cases of greater conspicuousness to their own visual system than to those of their predators. Our own perception of spectral similarity between blue C. dickersonae males and a local nonterrestrial visual background (i.e. the Sea of Cortez) prompted a further investigation. We compared sea (and sky) radiance with dorsum radiance of C. dickersonae males and with males from two distantly-related Crotaphytus collaris populations in which males possess blue bodies. In all three visual models, C. dickersonae males exhibited significantly lower chromatic contrast with the sea (and sky) than did their noncoastal, blue-bodied congeners. Among potential explanations, the blue body coloration that is unique to male C. dickersonae may offset, if only slightly, the cost of visibility to predators (and to prey) through reduced contrast against the extensive, local, nonterrestrial blue backgrounds of the sea and sky. (C) 2009 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009, 97, 749-765.