Interacting effects of wind direction and resource distribution on insect pest densities
Interacting effects of wind direction and resource distribution on insect pest densities
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DOI：
10.1016/j.baae.2008.03.008
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Frank, Thomas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moser, Dietmar;Drapela, Thomas;Frank, Thomas
人们在研究生境的景观组成和空间结构对物种分布格局的影响方面做了大量的工作。特别是，专业昆虫食草动物是已知的，受其寄主植物的空间和时间的可及性。本文对油菜三种重要害虫-黑腹小蜂、白腹小蜂和甘蓝小蜂进行了研究。在西北风盛行的景观，我们分析了他们的密度，通过比较预测能力的OSR面积在不同取向的景观部门。回归分析表明，OSR面积的顺风从一个样本网站解释高达72%的变异，在密度的M。aeneus方向的OSR面积，而其他方向的OSR面积影响不大。下风向OSR面积与M. aeneus密度为负值，可在1250米的距离内观察到。而C palliclactylus和D.油菜对OSR面积的反应不明显。我们认为，主要的资源检测机制和扩散能力负责检测模式：气味导向的逆风趋风性显然驱动定向扩散的移动的物种（M。aeneus）。然而，OSR面积沿着传播路径似乎减少害虫密度在逆风方向，因为大多数人发现资源补丁早在传播过程中。对于移动的较少的物种（苍白指爪蟾C pallidactylus和D. brassicae），但在景观尺度上无法检测到类似的影响，因为传播能力可能太短。(C)2008 Gesellschaft fur Okologie.由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。All rights reserved.
Considerable effort has been made to investigate how landscape composition and spatial structures of habitats influence distribution patterns of species. In particular, specialist insect herbivores are known to be affected by spatial and temporal accessibility of their host plants. We studied three important insect pests of oilseed rape (OSR): Meligethes aeneus, Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus and Dasineura brassicae. In a landscape with northwest winds prevailing, we analysed their densities by comparing the predictive power of OSR area in differently orientated landscape sectors. Regression analyses showed that OSR area downwind from a sample site explained up to 72% of the variance in the density of M. aeneus, whereas OSR area in other directions had little effect. The correlation between downwind OSR area and M. aeneus density was negative and observable up to a distance of 1250m. In contrast, the densities of C palliclactylus and D. brassicae showed little response to OSR area in whatever direction. We suggest that mainly resource detection mechanisms and dispersal capabilities are responsible for the detected patterns: Odour-orientated upwind anemotaxis apparently drives directional dispersal of mobile species (M. aeneus). However, OSR area along the dispersal path seems to reduce pest density in upwind direction, because the majority of individuals detect resource patches early during the dispersal process. For less mobile species (C pallidactylus and D. brassicae), similar effects were not detectable at the landscape scale because dispersal capabilities probably were too short. (C) 2008 Gesellschaft fur Okologie. Published by Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.