Lipid Mediators in the Resolution of Inflammation
Lipid Mediators in the Resolution of Inflammation
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DOI：
10.1101/cshperspect.a016311
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发表时间：
2015-02-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Levy, Bruce D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Serhan, Charles N.;Chiang, Nan;Levy, Bruce D.
急性炎症反应的增加对宿主防御至关重要，对慢性炎症、纤维化或脓肿形成的发展至关重要，而不是保护性反应和宿主组织恢复稳态的需要。在自限性急性炎症渗出物中，发现了新的脂质介质家族，称为溶解蛋白（Rv），保护蛋白和maresins，它们积极刺激溶解的主要迹象，即停止白细胞浸润，反调节促炎介质，以及摄取凋亡中性粒细胞和细胞碎片。在严格意义上，这些溶解期介质的生物合成是在脂质介质类别转换过程中启动的，在这个过程中，急性炎症的经典启动物，前列腺素和白三烯（lt），转换为产生专门的促分解介质（SPMs）。在这项工作中，我们回顾了这些新型脂质介质的结构和功能作用的最新证据。总之，这些表明白细胞运输和时空信号控制着自限性炎症的解决和刺激体内平衡。
Mounting of the acute inflammatory response is crucial for host defense and pivotal to the development of chronic inflammation, fibrosis, or abscess formation versus the protective response and the need of the host tissues to return to homeostasis. Within self-limited acute inflammatory exudates, novel families of lipid mediators are identified, named resolvins (Rv), protectins, and maresins, which actively stimulate cardinal signs of resolution, namely, cessation of leukocytic infiltration, counterregulation of proinflammatory mediators, and the uptake of apoptotic neutrophils and cellular debris. The biosynthesis of these resolution-phase mediators in sensu stricto is initiated during lipid-mediator class switching, in which the classic initiators of acute inflammation, prostaglandins and leukotrienes (LTs), switch to produce specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs). In this work, we review recent evidence on the structure and functional roles of these novel lipid mediators of resolution. Together, these show that leukocyte trafficking and temporal spatial signals govern the resolution of self-limited inflammation and stimulate homeostasis.