2D semiempirical model of the formation of an elementary crater on the cathode of a vacuum arc
2D semiempirical model of the formation of an elementary crater on the cathode of a vacuum arc
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DOI：
10.1109/deiv.2016.7748749
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发表时间：
2016-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
G. Mesyats;I. Uimanov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Mesyats;I. Uimanov
开发了一种基于真空电弧阴极点的细胞结构的半经验流体动力学模型，用于描述阴极上微坑的形成以及液态金属射流形成的初始阶段。该模型包括通过实验获得的阴极点等离子体与阴极相互作用的特性，例如等离子体施加在阴极上的压力以及电弧中的能量平衡。在阴极电热和质量传输问题的二维轴对称表述的背景下，针对基本阴极点电池承载的恒定电流，模拟了铜阴极上火山口的形成。研究表明，当电池电流在1.6~7 A之间，电流流过电池的时间在15~60 ns之间时，凹坑直径为3÷7 μm。凹坑深度主要由电池中的电流密度决定。对于在几十纳秒内形成微米大小的凹坑的所有计算变体，电池中的最大电流密度为(1÷3)·108 A/cm2。
A semiempirical hydrodynamic model based on the cellular structure of the cathode spot of a vacuum arc has been developed to describe the formation of a microcrater on the cathode and the initial stage of the formation of liquid-metal jets. The model includes experimentally obtained characteristics of the cathode spot plasma interacting with the cathode, such as the pressure exerted by the plasma on the cathode and the energy balance in the arc. In the context of a 2D axisymmetric statement of the problem of electric heat and mass transport in a cathode, the formation of a crater on a copper cathode has been simulated for a constant current carried by a elementary cathode spot cell. It has been shown that for the cell current ranging between 1.6 and 7 A and the time of current flow through the cell ranging between 15 and 60 ns, the crater diameter is 3÷7 μm. The crater depth is determined mainly by the current density in the cell. For all calculation variants where a micrometer-size crater was formed in several tens of nanoseconds, the maximum current density in a cell was (1÷3)·108 A/cm2.