Rapid metal pollutant deposition from the volcanic plume of Kilauea, Hawai'i
Rapid metal pollutant deposition from the volcanic plume of Kilauea, Hawai'i
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DOI：
10.1038/s43247-021-00146-2
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发表时间：
2021-05-04
影响因子：
7.9
通讯作者：
Damby, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ilyinskaya, Evgenia;Mason, Emily;Damby, David
长寿命的玄武岩火山喷发是全球范围内环境反应性、挥发性金属污染物元素（如硒、镉和铅）的重要来源。2018年夏威夷基拉韦厄火山喷发产生了异常高的金属污染物排放，这是一个前所未有的机会，可以追踪它们从喷口到沉积的过程。在这里，我们通过对地幔柱的地球化学采样表明，挥发性金属污染物在地幔柱中的消耗速度比镁和铁等难熔物质快100倍。我们提出，这种快速湿沉积的配合物含有活性和潜在有毒的挥发性金属污染物，可能会不成比例地影响靠近通风口的局部区域。我们推断挥发性和溶解度之间的关系是对元素的大气行为的重要控制。我们建议火山排放物的危害评估应该考虑金属污染物的非均匀羽流损耗。根据对基拉韦厄2018年喷发羽流的广泛采样，玄武岩火山羽流中的挥发性金属污染物沉积速度比耐火物质快100倍，并可能在近距离产生不成比例的影响。
Long-lived basaltic volcanic eruptions are a globally important source of environmentally reactive, volatile metal pollutant elements such as selenium, cadmium and lead. The 2018 eruption of Kilauea, Hawai'i produced exceptionally high discharge of metal pollutants, and was an unprecedented opportunity to track them from vent to deposition. Here we show, through geochemical sampling of the plume that volatile metal pollutants were depleted in the plume up to 100 times faster than refractory species, such as magnesium and iron. We propose that this rapid wet deposition of complexes containing reactive and potentially toxic volatile metal pollutants may disproportionately impact localised areas close to the vent. We infer that the relationship between volatility and solubility is an important control on the atmospheric behaviour of elements. We suggest that assessment of hazards from volcanic emissions should account for heterogeneous plume depletion of metal pollutants.Volatile metal pollutants in basaltic volcanic plumes can be deposited up to 100 times faster than refractory species, and may produce disproportionate impacts at proximal locations, according to extensive sampling of Kilauea's 2018 eruption plume.