Entropy Production of Nanosystems with Time Scale Separation
Entropy Production of Nanosystems with Time Scale Separation
复制标题
具有时间尺度分离的纳米系统的熵产生
DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.117.070601
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
Tang Lei-Han
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang Shou-Wen;Kawaguchi Kyogo;Sasa Shin-ichi;Tang Lei-Han
生物分子马达和机器的能量流动对其功能至关重要。然而，实验观察往往仅限于参与能量输运和耗散的一小部分变量。在这里，我们通过一个可解的朗格万模型表明，看似隐藏的熵的产生是可以通过一个慢可观测到的波动响应关系的违背谱来测量的。对于具有时间尺度分离的一般马尔可夫系统，我们证明了违逆谱在中频区域表现出一个特征平台。尽管高原的高度正在消失，但它可以在很宽的时间尺度上解释能量耗散。我们的研究结果表明，在不直接观察快速变量的情况下，可以探测纳米系统中隐藏熵的产生。
Energy flows in biomolecular motors and machines are vital to their function. Yet experimental observations are often limited to a small subset of variables that participate in energy transport and dissipation. Here we show, through a solvable Langevin model, that the seemingly hidden entropy production is measurable through the violation spectrum of the fluctuation-response relation of a slow observable. For general Markov systems with time scale separation, we prove that the violation spectrum exhibits a characteristic plateau in the intermediate frequency region. Despite its vanishing height, the plateau can account for energy dissipation over a broad time scale. Our findings suggest a general possibility to probe hidden entropy production in nanosystems without direct observation of fast variables.