Suppression of cocaine self-administration in monkeys: effects of delayed punishment.
Suppression of cocaine self-administration in monkeys: effects of delayed punishment.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s00213-011-2501-3
复制
发表时间：
2012-04-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Green, Leonard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Woolverton, William L;Freeman, Kevin B;Green, Leonard
基本原理：延迟介绍的药物可以降低其有效性作为一种药物，但延迟惩罚药物自我administration.Objective：本研究探讨是否组胺注射可以惩罚可卡因自我管理在药物药物的选择，是否延迟组胺会降低其有效性，以及延迟的影响是否可以在延迟折扣框架内描述.给猴子植入双腔导管，以便分别注射可卡因和组胺。在不连续的试验中，受试者首先选择单独注射可卡因（50或100 μ g/kg/inj）或注射相同剂量的可卡因，然后立即注射组胺（0.37- 50 μ g/kg）。接下来，他们选择可卡因，然后立即组胺和可卡因，然后是一个平等的，但延迟剂量的histam.RESULTS：当选择单独的可卡因和可卡因，然后立即组胺之间，偏好增加与组胺剂量从冷漠到>80%的选择单独的可卡因。当在可卡因之后立即组胺和可卡因之后延迟组胺之间进行选择时，猴子表现出强烈的位置偏好。当延迟组胺与非首选体位相关时，对该选项的偏好随着延迟从≤30%增加到> 85%。相应的减少，在选择的首选位置被很好地描述了双曲面贴现function.CONCLUSIONS：组胺可以作为一个惩罚者之间的选择注射可卡因和延迟可以降低其有效性作为惩罚者。延迟惩罚药物自我管理的影响可以概念化的延迟折扣框架内。
RATIONALE: Delaying presentation of a drug can decrease its effectiveness as a reinforcer, but the effect of delaying punishment of drug self-administration is unknown.OBJECTIVE: This study examined whether a histamine injection could punish cocaine self-administration in a drug-drug choice, whether delaying histamine would decrease its effectiveness, and whether the effects of delay could be described within a delay discounting framework.METHODS: Monkeys were implanted with double-lumen catheters to allow separate injection of cocaine and histamine. In discrete trials, subjects first chose between cocaine (50 or 100mug/kg/inj) alone and an injection of the same dose of cocaine followed immediately by an injection of histamine (0.37-50mug/kg). Next, they chose between cocaine followed immediately by histamine and cocaine followed by an equal but delayed dose of histamine.RESULTS: When choosing between cocaine alone and cocaine followed immediately by histamine, preference increased with histamine dose from indifference to >80% choice of cocaine alone. When choosing between cocaine followed by immediate histamine and cocaine followed by delayed histamine, monkeys showed strong position preferences. When delayed histamine was associated with the nonpreferred position, preference for that option increased with delay from ≤30% to >85%. The corresponding decrease in choice of the preferred position was well described by a hyperboloid discounting function.CONCLUSIONS: Histamine can function as a punisher in the choice between injections of cocaine and delay can decrease its effectiveness as a punisher. The effects of delaying punishment of drug self-administration can be conceptualized within the delay discounting framework.