A winner effect supports third-party intervention behaviour during fallow deer, Dama dama, fights
A winner effect supports third-party intervention behaviour during fallow deer, Dama dama, fights
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2008.10.006
复制
发表时间：
2009-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Gammell, Martin P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jennings, Domhnall J.;Carlin, Caitriona M.;Gammell, Martin P.
在繁殖季节，雄性有蹄类动物为了接触雌性动物而展开激烈的竞争。尽管打斗通常是二人一级的相遇，但它们有时会被第三方男性的干预打断。我们使用从Dugatkin的干预行为模型(Dugatkin 1998，伦敦皇家学会学报，B系列，265,433-437)中得出的预测来调查这些第三方干预行为。该模型认为，当一个人成功击败对手时，赢得下一场比赛的概率就会增加：赢家效应。第三方干预行为预计会发生，因为它有助于防止竞争双方中的任何一个成员成功地击败他的对手，实现赢家效应，并随后成为干预者的威胁。与模型预测一致，我们的结果表明，干预的雄性比不干预的雄性拥有显著更高的等级，也更有可能对两个竞争的雄性都具有支配性。干预雄鼠没有根据等级选择性地瞄准竞争者，也没有根据干预者和竞争雄鼠之间的总体攻击率来瞄准雄鼠。此外，与两个竞争对手的竞赛成功相比，干预者更有可能在干预之前赢得他们的互动，也更有可能在干预后赢得他们的互动。我们的结果与支持休闲鹿斗鹿干预行为赢家效应的预测是一致的。(C)2008年动物行为研究协会。爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
Male ungulates engage in intense competition for access to females during the breeding season. Although fights are generally dyadic level encounters, they are on occasion disrupted by the intervention of third-party males. We investigated these third-party interventions using predictions derived from Dugatkin's model (Dugatkin 1998, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 265, 433-437) of intervention behaviour. The model argues that when an individual successfully defeats an opponent there is an increase in the probability of winning a subsequent contest: a winner effect. Third-party intervention behaviour is predicted to occur as it serves to prevent either member of a competing dyad from successfully defeating his opponent, achieving a winner effect and subsequently becoming a threat to the intervener. Consistent with model predictions, our results show that intervening males held significantly higher rank than males that did not intervene and were also more likely to be dominant to both of the competing males. Intervening males did not selectively target competitors based on rank, nor did they target males based on overall dyadic rates of aggression between the intervener and competing males. Furthermore, interveners were more likely to have won their interaction immediately prior to intervention and were also likely to win their interaction subsequent to intervention when compared with contest success of the two competing males. Our results are consistent with predictions that support a winner effect for intervention behaviour in fallow deer fights. (C) 2008 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.