The role of various chemical fractions of M. tuberculosis and other Mycobacteria in the production of allergic encephalomyelitis.
The role of various chemical fractions of M. tuberculosis and other Mycobacteria in the production of allergic encephalomyelitis.
复制标题
结核分枝杆菌和其他分枝杆菌的各种化学成分在产生过敏性脑脊髓炎中的作用。
作者：
R. G. White;A. Marshall
将几种人型结核分枝杆菌不同菌株的蜡D组分1毫克单剂量与16毫克同源脑一起注射在油包水乳剂中，可引起高比例的豚鼠患脑炎。几种牛型结核分枝杆菌和一种禽型结核分枝杆菌的蜡D部分在相同剂量和相同条件下注射时，对脑炎无效，而结核分枝杆菌和腐烂的牛型结核分枝杆菌则有效。从人型结核分枝杆菌提取的脐带因子（海藻糖二羧酸酯）和粗蜡C部分无效。这些结果与分枝杆菌的致脑活性是由于与糖脂相连的丙氨酸、谷氨酸和二氨基戊酸组成的肽的存在有关。
A single dose of 1 mg. of wax D fractions of several different strains of human type M. tuberculosis when injected in water-in-oil emulsion together with 16 mg. of homologous brain caused a high percentage of guinea pigs to develop encephalitis. Wax D fractions of several strains of bovine type and one strain of avian type M. tuberculosis and of M. phlei were found ineffective in inducing encephalitis when injected in the same dose and under similar conditions, although M. phlei and delipidated bovine type M. tuberculosis Marmorek bacilli were effective. Cord factor (trehalose dimycolate) and crude wax C fractions from human type M. tuberculosis were ineffective. These results are discussed in relation to the suggestion that the encephalitogenic activity of mycobacteria is due to the presence of a peptide consisting of alanine, glutamic and diaminopimelic acids linked to a glycolipid.
The precise correspondence between the activity of a wide variety of bacillary fractions as encephalitogenic agents in causing an increase in serum antibody to ovalbumin, and in inducing severe corneal reactivity to ovalbumin gives further support to the hypothesis that the encephalitis is the result of an isoimmunization process, in which the mycobacteria increase the immune response to an antigenic constituent of the brain tissue.
Encephalitogenic bacillary fractions produce histological reactions at the injection site and in the draining lymph nodes characterized by the formation of large numbers of epithelioid cells. It is suggested that these cells play an essential role in the adjuvant response.