The Wrangel Island Polynya in early summer: Trends and relationships to other polynyas and the Beaufort Sea High
The Wrangel Island Polynya in early summer: Trends and relationships to other polynyas and the Beaufort Sea High
复制标题
初夏的弗兰格尔岛冰间湖：趋势以及与其他冰间湖和波弗特海高位的关系
DOI：
10.1029/2011gl050691
复制
发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
R. Pickart
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Moore;R. Pickart
冰穴是海冰相对于周围环境减少的区域，是极地气候系统的重要特征，在这种气候系统中，大气和海洋之间的热量、水分和动量通量会增加。因此，它们在许多大气、海洋和生物过程中发挥着重要作用。人们担心，在气候变暖、海冰覆盖面有减少趋势的情况下，许多冰穴的位置、大小和持续时间可能会发生变化，从而造成气候和生态影响。在本文中，我们确定了初夏表现的弗兰格尔岛冰间湖，形成在西部楚科奇海。我们表明，在过去的30年里，出现的频率增加，以及在冰穴的大小增加了一倍。当楚科奇海上空有一股增强的东风气流，并伴随着一个异常强烈的博福特海高压（BSH）时，冰间湖就会形成，这是一个在博福特海上空形成的封闭的反气旋大气环流。我们还表明，有一个随之而来的趋势，在同一时间段内，一个更强烈的BSH，我们建议，这种趋势是负责观察到的变化弗兰格尔岛冰穴。鉴于其庞大且不断增加的规模，初夏冰间湖也可能在楚科奇海西部的物理和生物海洋学中发挥重要而未知的作用。
Polynyas, regions of reduced sea ice concentration relative to their surroundings, are important features of the polar climate system in which enhanced fluxes of heat, moisture, and momentum can occur between the atmosphere and ocean. As such, they play a significant role in many atmospheric, oceanographic and biological processes. There are concerns that in a warming climate, in which there is a trend towards a reduction in sea ice cover, that the location, size and duration of many polynyas may change resulting in climatological and ecological impacts. In this paper, we identify an early summer manifestation of the Wrangel Island polynya that forms in the western Chuckchi Sea. We show that over the past 30 years there has been an increased frequency of occurrence as well as a doubling in the size of the polynya. The polynya is shown to form when there is an enhanced easterly flow over the Chukchi Sea that is associated with an anomalously intense Beaufort Sea High (BSH), a closed anti‐cyclonic atmospheric circulation that forms over the Beaufort Sea. We also show that there has been a concomitant trend towards a more intense BSH over the same time period and we propose that this trend is responsible for the observed changes in the Wrangel Island polynya. Given its large and increasing size, the early summer polynya may also play an important and unaccounted role in the physical and biological oceanography of the western Chukchi Sea.