SEX‐RATIO CONTROL IN A PARASITIC WASP, NASONIA VITRIPENNIS. I. GENETIC VARIATION IN FACULTATIVE SEX‐RATIO ADJUSTMENT
SEX‐RATIO CONTROL IN A PARASITIC WASP, NASONIA VITRIPENNIS. I. GENETIC VARIATION IN FACULTATIVE SEX‐RATIO ADJUSTMENT
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寄生黄蜂 NASONIA VITRIPENNIS 的性别比例控制 I. 兼性性别比例调整的遗传变异
DOI：
10.1111/j.1558-5646.1986.tb00475.x
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发表时间：
1986
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
E. Parker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Orzack;E. Parker
通过一系列的“顺序产卵”实验，研究了一种寄生蜂——玻璃翅蜂（Pteromalidae）的性别比例控制精度。在一系列的“顺序产卵”实验中，一只雌性在另一只雌性之前访问过的宿主上产卵。这些“第二”性别比例的平均值存在明显的基因型差异。事实上，一种基因型并不会明显地改变性别比例。在未被寄生的寄主上，具有相同平均性别比的两种基因型具有不同的第二性比。人工选择一个菌株在未被寄生的宿主中产生较少偏向于雌性的“第一”性别比例，并没有影响该菌株调节性别比例的能力，这表明控制第一和第二性别比例的近端机制可以独立改变。性别比例的调整是通过少生女多生男来实现的。在对照寄主中产生的性别比表明，寄主中的性别比是相互独立地调整的。第二性比反应似乎也与寄主结块无关。这些结果既对我们目前对性别比例进化的理解提出了挑战（见Orzack， 1986），也为这一重要适应的实验描述奠定了基础。
The precision of sex‐ratio control in a parasitic wasp, Nasonia vitripennis (Pteromalidae) was investigated using a series of “sequential oviposition” experiments in which a female oviposits on hosts previously visited by another female. There are clear genotypic differences in the averages of these “second” sex ratios. Indeed, one genotype does not alter sex ratio detectably. Two genotypes with identical average sex ratios on previously unparasitized hosts have distinct second sex ratios. Artificial selection on one strain to produce less female‐biased “first” sex ratios in previously unparasitized hosts has not affected the ability of that strain to adjust sex ratio, suggesting that the proximal mechanisms controlling first and second sex ratios can change independently. Adjustment of sex ratios is accomplished by the production of fewer females and more males. Sex ratios produced in control hosts indicate that sex ratios are adjusted in hosts independently of one another. Second sex‐ratio response also appears to be independent of host clumping. These results represent both a challenge to our present understanding of sex‐ratio evolution (see Orzack, 1986) and a foundation for experimental description of this important adaptation.