Comments and corrections on 3D modeling studies of locomotor muscle moment arms in archosaurs.
Comments and corrections on 3D modeling studies of locomotor muscle moment arms in archosaurs.
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作者：
Bates K;Maidment SC;Schachner ER;Barrett PM
在最近的一些研究中，我们使用计算机建模来研究现存和灭绝的主龙谱系（鳄鱼，恐龙，包括鸟类和翼龙）中肌肉杠杆（力矩臂）和功能的演变。这些研究试图量化在各种独立的祖龙谱系中两足和四足姿势进化过程中肌肉力矩臂的差异和收敛水平，并在这样做的过程中进一步了解该群体超过2.5亿年进化历史中解剖学，运动和生态学的变化。其他人的后续工作使我们重新评估了我们的模型，这揭示了一个方法错误，影响了我们已发表研究中外展-内收和长轴旋转力矩臂的结果。在本文中，我们提出了纠正外展-内收和长轴旋转力矩臂为我们所有的模型，并评估我们以前的研究结论，这一新的数据的影响。我们发现，总的来说，我们新修正的数据与以前发表的数据只有轻微的不同，肌肉力矩的定性变化很少（例如，最初被鉴定为外展肌的肌肉仍然是外展肌）。因此，我们以前关于这些主龙类中关键肌肉功能进化的大多数结论都得到了支持。
In a number of recent studies we used computer modeling to investigate the evolution of muscle leverage (moment arms) and function in extant and extinct archosaur lineages (crocodilians, dinosaurs including birds and pterosaurs). These studies sought to quantify the level of disparity and convergence in muscle moment arms during the evolution of bipedal and quadrupedal posture in various independent archosaur lineages, and in doing so further our understanding of changes in anatomy, locomotion and ecology during the group’s >250 million year evolutionary history. Subsequent work by others has led us to re-evaluate our models, which revealed a methodological error that impacted on the results obtained from the abduction–adduction and long-axis rotation moment arms in our published studies. In this paper we present corrected abduction–adduction and long axis rotation moment arms for all our models, and evaluate the impact of this new data on the conclusions of our previous studies. We find that, in general, our newly corrected data differed only slightly from that previously published, with very few qualitative changes in muscle moments (e.g., muscles originally identified as abductors remained abductors). As a result the majority of our previous conclusions regarding the functional evolution of key muscles in these archosaur groups are upheld.