An Individual-Based Evolving Predator-Prey Ecosystem Simulation Using a Fuzzy Cognitive Map as the Behavior Model
An Individual-Based Evolving Predator-Prey Ecosystem Simulation Using a Fuzzy Cognitive Map as the Behavior Model
复制标题
DOI：
10.1162/artl.2009.gras.012
复制
发表时间：
2009-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Aspinall, Adam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gras, Robin;Devaurs, Didier;Aspinall, Adam
我们提出了一个基于个人的捕食者-猎物模型，第一次，每个代理的行为被建模的模糊认知图（FCM），允许代理的行为，通过时代的模拟进化。FCM使代理能够评估其环境（例如，例如，在一个实施例中，与捕食者或猎物的距离，与潜在繁殖伙伴的距离，与食物的距离，能量水平）及其内部状态（如，例如，在一个实施例中，恐惧，饥饿，好奇心），并选择几种可能的行动，如逃避，吃，或繁殖。每个个体的FCM是独特的，是进化过程的结果。物种的概念也是以这样一种方式实现的，即物种是从不断进化的代理群体中出现的。据我们所知，我们的系统是唯一一个允许行为模式和物种形成之间联系的模型。模拟产生了大量的数据，包括个体的数量，个体的能量水平，行动的选择，个体的年龄，以及与每个物种相关的平均FCM。本研究探讨了宏观进化过程的模式，如物种在模拟生态系统中的出现，并提出了一个总体框架，如入侵物种和物种多样性模式的具体生态问题的研究。我们提出了有希望的结果，显示出连贯的行为，整个模拟与强相关模式的出现，也观察到在现有的生态系统。
We present an individual-based predator-prey model with, for the first time, each agent behavior being modeled by a fuzzy cognitive map (FCM), allowing the evolution of the agent behavior through the epochs of the simulation. The FCM enables the agent to evaluate its environment (e. g., distance to predator or prey, distance to potential breeding partner, distance to food, energy level) and its internal states (e. g., fear, hunger, curiosity), and to choose several possible actions such as evasion, eating, or breeding. The FCM of each individual is unique and is the result of the evolutionary process. The notion of species is also implemented in such a way that species emerge from the evolving population of agents. To our knowledge, our system is the only one that allows the modeling of links between behavior patterns and speciation. The simulation produces a lot of data, including number of individuals, level of energy by individual, choice of action, age of the individuals, and average FCM associated with each species. This study investigates patterns of macroevolutionary processes, such as the emergence of species in a simulated ecosystem, and proposes a general framework for the study of specific ecological problems such as invasive species and species diversity patterns. We present promising results showing coherent behaviors of the whole simulation with the emergence of strong correlation patterns also observed in existing ecosystems.