A phylogenetic analysis of dispersal norms, descent and subsistence in Sino-Tibetans
A phylogenetic analysis of dispersal norms, descent and subsistence in Sino-Tibetans
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DOI：
10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2021.12.002
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发表时间：
2022-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Ting Ji;Hanzhi Zhang;M. Pagel;R. Mace
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ting Ji;Hanzhi Zhang;M. Pagel;R. Mace
人类学家和生物学家长期以来一直对有性别偏见的扩散感兴趣，因为它可以构建种群并确定亲属关系，亲缘关系和合作模式。在大多数现代人类社会中，女性通常在婚姻中分散。在少数人类社会中，男性分散，双性恋philopatry，或两性分散。以往的研究表明，无论是农业，畜牧业，或父系的出现与女性偏见的分散在某些语言家庭。汉藏性别特异性扩散的祖先模式及其生态相关性仍然不确定。在这里，我们使用比较系统发育的方法来推断汉藏群体的性别特异性扩散的进化历史，并测试生存（农业和养牛），血统和性别特异性扩散之间的协同进化。我们使用了各种人种学和历史来源，以确定分散策略在汉藏系统发育树（n= 97）。我们发现：1）最早的汉藏群体可能是父系本地的; 2）农业可能只与女性传播模式共同进化，但结果对替代编码策略敏感; 3）没有证据表明家养牛与任何性别的传播模式共同进化; 4）亲属血统可能与女性传播共同进化，但与男性传播无关。此外，从“父系”到“非父系”状态的变化引发了女性扩散模式的变化，从“女性非留”到“女性留”。我们的研究结果表明，血统的变化驱动了汉藏女性特有的扩散模式的变化。我们的研究结果说明了生存或血统如何在塑造性别偏见的传播模式中发挥不同的作用。
Sex-biased dispersal has long been of interest to anthropologists and biologists, as it can structure populations and determine patterns of kinship, relatedness and cooperation. In most contemporary human societies, females usually disperse at marriage. In a minority of human societies, male dispersal, bisexual philopatry, or both sexes dispersing is practiced. Previous studies suggest that emergence of either agriculture, cattle pastoralism, or patriliny is associated with female-biased dispersal in certain language families. The ancestral patterns of sex-specific dispersal and its ecological correlates in Sino-Tibetans remain uncertain. Here we use comparative phylogenetic methods to infer the evolutionary history of sex-specific dispersal in Sino-Tibetan groups, and tested for coevolution between subsistence (agriculture and cattle-keeping), descent and sex-specific dispersal. We use a variety of ethnographic and historical sources to identify dispersal strategies across Sino-Tibetan phylogenetic trees (n= 97). We found that 1) earliest Sino-Tibetan groups were likely patrilocal; 2) agriculture likely co-evolved with only female dispersal patterns, but the result is sensitive to alternative coding strategy; 3) there is no evidence that domestic cattle co-evolved with dispersal patterns of either gender; and 4) kinship descent likely co-evolved with female dispersal, but not with male dispersal. Moreover, change from state of “patrilineal” to “non-patrilineal” triggered change in female dispersal patterns, from “female non-stay” to “female stay”. Our results suggest that change in descent drove change in female-specific dispersal pattern in Sino-Tibetans. Our findings illustrated how subsistence or descent can play different roles in shaping sex-biased dispersal patterns.