Parallel iterative solvers for real-time elastic deformations
Parallel iterative solvers for real-time elastic deformations
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DOI：
10.1145/3277644.3277779
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发表时间：
2018-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Fratarcangeli;Huamin Wang;Yin Yang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Fratarcangeli;Huamin Wang;Yin Yang
基于物理的弹性材料动画可以模拟动态可变形物体，例如织物、人体组织、头发等。由于其复杂的内部机械行为，很难同时交互式且准确地复制它们的运动。本课程向学生和从业者介绍几种并行迭代技术来解决这个问题并实时实现弹性变形。我们专注于视频游戏和交互设计等应用程序的技术，为基于物理的动画提供固定且较小的硬时间预算，并且只要结果可信，响应能力和稳定性通常比准确性更重要。该课程重点关注能够充分利用现代 GPU 架构的计算能力的求解器，在几毫秒内有效求解数十万个非线性方程组。本课程介绍有关基于物理的弹性物体的基本概念，并概述文献中可用的不同类型的数值求解器。然后，我们展示传统解算器的一些变体如何处理实时动画并评估它们的准确性、鲁棒性和性能。整个课程提供了实际示例，特别是如何将所描述的求解器应用于投影动力学和基于位置的动力学，这两种最新流行的弹性材料物理模型。
Physics-based animation of elastic materials allows to simulate dynamic deformable objects such as fabrics, human tissue, hair, etc. Due to their complex inner mechanical behaviour, it is difficult to replicate their motions interactively and accurately at the same time. This course introduces students and practitioners to several parallel iterative techniques to tackle this problem and achieve elastic deformations in real-time. We focus on techniques for applications such as video games and interactive design, with fixed and small hard time budgets available for physically-based animation, and where responsiveness and stability are often more important than accuracy, as long as the results are believable. The course focuses on solvers able to fully exploit the computational capabilities of modern GPU architectures, effectively solving systems of hundreds of thousands of nonlinear equations in a matter of few milliseconds. The course introduces the basic concepts concerning physics-based elastic objects, and provide an overview of the different types of numerical solvers available in the literature. Then, we show how some variants of traditional solvers can address real-time animation and assess them in terms of accuracy, robustness and performance. Practical examples are provided throughout the course, in particular how to apply the depicted solvers to Projective Dynamics and Position-based Dynamics, two recent and popular physics models for elastic materials.