Long-term effects of the 1998 coral bleaching event on reef fish assemblages
Long-term effects of the 1998 coral bleaching event on reef fish assemblages
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DOI：
10.3354/meps315237
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Ohman, Marcus C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garpe, Kajsa C.;Yahya, Saleh A. S.;Ohman, Marcus C.
珊瑚白化事件构成复合干扰，通常导致珊瑚死亡以及珊瑚礁框架的连续退化。 1997/1998 年厄尔尼诺南方涛动 (ENSO) 是有记录以来最严重的一次，影响了全世界的珊瑚礁。本研究调查了 1998 年白化前后移植珊瑚区中鱼类群落的反应。多维尺度排序（MDS）表明与栖息地改变相关的组合组成发生显着变化。场地内的变异性随着干扰的增加而增加，这种增加在基质侵蚀后最为明显。长期反应与短期反应的差异是惊人的。珊瑚死亡后六个月，其中一个地点的总丰度和分类丰富度有所增加，但另一个地点没有增加，而六年后，两个地点的两项指标均显着下降。与珊瑚有记录的功能群体受到栖息地改变的显着影响。由于对白化的立即反应，草食动物的丰度增加，但随后在栖息地受到侵蚀时大量减少。结构复杂性的丧失对整个鱼类群落产生了重大不利影响。总之，我们提供了灾难性白化事件严重且持久的次生影响的证据，并且没有明显的恢复。短期和长期反应之间的差异凸显了对栖息地改变后的鱼类组合进行长期监测的重要性。
Coral bleaching events constitute compound disturbances often resulting in coral death as well as successive degradation of the reef framework. The 1997/1998 El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) was the most severe on record and affected coral reefs worldwide. The present study examined the response of fish assemblages in plots of transplanted coral before and after the 1998 bleaching. Multidimensional scaling ordinations (MDS) demonstrate significant changes in assemblage composition related to habitat alteration. Within-site variability increased with disturbance, the increase being most apparent following substrate erosion. The differences in long-term responses as opposed to short-term responses were striking. Six mo after coral death, total abundance as well as taxonomic richness had increased at one of the sites, but not the other, whereas 6 yr later, both measures had decreased significantly at both sites. Functional groups, with documented affiliations with coral, were significantly influenced by the habitat alteration. Herbivore abundance increased as an immediate response to bleaching, but was subsequently decimated in eroded habitat. The loss of structural complexity had major detrimental effects on the entire fish community. In conclusion, we present evidence of severe and long-lasting secondary impacts of a catastrophic bleaching event, with no apparent recovery. The discrepancies between short-term and long-term responses underline the importance of long-term monitoring of fish assemblages following habitat alteration.