Emerging pharma residue contaminants: Occurrence, monitoring, risk and fate assessment - A challenge to water resource management.
Emerging pharma residue contaminants: Occurrence, monitoring, risk and fate assessment - A challenge to water resource management.
复制标题
新兴药物残留污染物：发生、监测、风险和命运评估 - 水资源管理面临的挑战。
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153897
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Yuvarajan Devarajan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Sundararaman;J. Aravind Kumar;P. Deivasigamani;Yuvarajan Devarajan
水是人类最重要的礼物之一。最近几天，药品在环境中的可及性逐渐成为全世界关注的问题。水资产中这些污染物的重要源泉是人类使用的药物或兽医药物。由于污水处理系统不完善，制药工业废水中存在的中间体、活性代谢物和原材料。各种药物成分，如镇痛药/解热药，如布洛芬（57.9-104 ng/L），双氯芬酸（17-129纳克/升），抗生素，如磺胺甲恶唑（28.7-124.5纳克/升），磺胺二甲嘧啶（29.2-83.9 ng/L），阿奇霉素（10-68纳克/升），精神科药物，如卡马西平（9.3-92.4纳克/升），兴奋剂，如咖啡因大于55纳克/升，抗抑郁药，抗高血压药，避孕药等，存在于水资源中，检测到的浓度范围为mg/L至μg/L。必须开展协同效应和生态毒理学危害评估。研究表明，这些药物可能会导致海洋生物的形态、代谢和性别改变，以及生物降解活动的中断。危险分析和评估正在进行中。然而，常规的流出物处理方法不足以有效地从该水中去除API（活性药物成分）。为了保护水生生态系统和生物的健康，有必要对水生生态系统中的药物化合物进行持续监测。本工作重点介绍了制药污染物的危害、环境评价和缓解措施。
Water is one of the important gifts to mankind. In recent days the accessibility of pharmaceuticals in the environment is progressively a worldwide concern. The significant wellspring of these contaminations in water assets is drugs for human use or veterinary medications. Intermediates, active metabolites and raw materials present in water from pharmaceutical industry waste because of incomplete sewage treatment systems. Various pharmaceutical components such as analgesic/antipyretics such as Ibuprofen (57.9–104 ng/L), Diclofenac (17–129 ng/L), antibiotics such as Sulfamethoxazole (28.7–124.5 ng/L), Sulfamethazine (29.2–83.9 ng/L), Azithromycin (10–68 ng/L), psychiatric drug such as Carbamazepine (9.3–92.4 ng/L), stimulants such as caffeine greater than 55 ng/L, antidepressants, antihypertensive, contraceptives etc., are present in water resources and have been detected in mg/L to μg/L range. The synergic effects and ecotoxicological hazard assessment must be developed. Studies demonstrate that these drugs might cause morphological, metabolic and sex alterations on sea-going species, and interruption of biodegradation activities. Hazard analysis and assessments are in progress. However, the conventional effluent treatment methods are not sufficient to remove API (active pharmaceutical ingredients) from this water effectively. There is necessitate for continuous monitoring of the pharmaceutical compounds in aquatic ecosystem to save the environment and living form of lives from health hazards. This work highlights the hazards, environmental assessment and the mitigation measures of pharmaceutical pollutants.