Model-Based and Model-Free Decisions in Alcohol Dependence
Model-Based and Model-Free Decisions in Alcohol Dependence
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DOI：
10.1159/000362840
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Huys, Quentin J. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sebold, Miriam;Deserno, Lorenz;Huys, Quentin J. M.
背景：人类和动物的工作表明，上瘾的人从目标导向型决策转变为习惯性决策。然而，在人类酒精依赖中，这一点的证据尚不确定。方法：26名健康对照和26名新近戒毒的酒精依赖患者接受了行为测试，测试分为两步，旨在理清目标导向型和习惯性反应模式。结果：与健康对照组相比，酒精依赖患者表现出更少的目标导向选择证据，尤其是在饮酒后。习惯性成分的强度没有差异。在控制数字符号替换任务的表现时，组内差异并不存在。结论：长期饮酒似乎会选择性地损害目标导向功能，而不是促进习惯性反应。它似乎特别是在无奖赏之后这样做，这可能是通过酒精对由前额叶皮质辅助的更一般的认知功能的影响来调节的。(C)2014年S.Karger AG，巴塞尔
Background: Human and animal work suggests a shift from goal-directed to habitual decision-making in addiction. However, the evidence for this in human alcohol dependence is as yet inconclusive. Methods: Twenty-six healthy controls and 26 recently detoxified alcohol-dependent patients underwent behavioral testing with a 2-step task designed to disentangle goal-directed and habitual response patterns. Results: Alcohol-dependent patients showed less evidence of goal-directed choices than healthy controls, particularly after losses. There was no difference in the strength of the habitual component. The group differences did not survive controlling for performance on the Digit Symbol Substitution Task. Conclusion: Chronic alcohol use appears to selectively impair goal-directed function, rather than promoting habitual responding. It appears to do so particularly after nonrewards, and this may be mediated by the effects of alcohol on more general cognitive functions subserved by the prefrontal cortex. (C) 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel