Controlling human fixed-interval performance.
Controlling human fixed-interval performance.
复制标题
控制人类固定间隔表现。
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1969
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
H. Weiner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Weiner
在固定间隔(FI)时间表下，人类受试者在没有强化后停顿的情况下产生较高且相对恒定的应答率，以及在强化之后产生具有停顿的较低应答率。当为受试者提供不同的条件化历史和不同的反应成本条件(每个反应的加强惩罚)时，可以控制这样的FI率和模式。在比率时间表下有条件化病史的受试者通常在FI时间表下产生较高且相对恒定的反应率；这种反应不会随着FI值的变化而系统性地改变。相比之下，在补给之间几乎没有反应的计划下有病史的受试者[如低速率差分强化(DRL)计划]倾向于在加强后停顿，并在FI计划下以低比率反应，无论他们是否也有比率条件化病史；成本增加了这种类型表现的可能性。对于DRL-病史受试者，随着FI值的增加，强化后停顿增加，反应率降低。
Both high and relatively constant rates of responding without post-reinforcement pauses and lower rates with pauses after reinforcement are produced by human subjects under fixed-interval (FI) schedules. Such FI rates and patterns may be controlled when subjects are provided with different histories of conditioning and different conditions of response cost (reinforcement penalties per response). Subjects with a conditioning history under ratio schedules typically produce high and relatively constant rates of responding under FI schedules; this responding does not change systematically with changes in FI value. In contrast, subjects with a history under schedules which produce little or no responding between reforcements [such as differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate (DRL) schedules] tend to pause after reinforcement and respond at low rates under FI schedules, whether or not they also have ratio conditioning histories; cost increases the likelihood of this type of performance. For DRL-history subjects, post-reinforcement pauses increase and response rates decrease as FI values increase.