Disability management practices in education, hotel/motel, and health care workplaces.
Disability management practices in education, hotel/motel, and health care workplaces.
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教育、酒店/汽车旅馆和医疗保健工作场所的残疾管理实践。
DOI：
10.1002/ajim.20139
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发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Amick3rd,BenjaminC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Williams,ReneeM;Westmorland,MurielG;Shannon,HarryS;Rasheed,Farah;Amick3rd,BenjaminC
高成本和工作残疾的影响已经成为工作场所越来越关注的问题。因此，制定了工作场所残疾管理方法，以降低残疾成本，保护工人的就业能力，并促进早日重返工作岗位。方法对教育（157）、酒店/汽车旅馆（110）和卫生保健（188）行业的455名雇主进行分层随机抽样，并填写邮寄的组织政策与实践（OPP）问卷。OPP的调查问卷涉及八项工作场所残疾管理措施。本文考察了OPP的多维性、内部一致性和判别效度，并比较了三个部门的残疾管理实践。结果OPP问卷具有良好的内部一致性（Cronbach’s alpha = 0.95）和判别效度。单因素方差分析（ANOVA）表明，在人体工程学实践（F(2,452) = 15.8，P< 0.001）、残疾病例管理（F(2,452) = 4.6，P< 0.01）、重返工作岗位（F(2,452) = 10.3，P< 0.001）和以人为本的文化（F(2,452) = 4.5，P< 0.01）等方面，各部门之间存在统计学上的显著差异。通过对教育、酒店/汽车旅馆和卫生保健部门的残疾管理实践的研究，OPP似乎是一个很有前途的工具，可以用来评估和监测雇主如何管理残疾。点。中华医学杂志，2004,27(4):517 - 526。©2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc。
BackgroundThe high costs and the impact of work disability have become a growing concern for workplaces. As a result, workplace disability management approaches have been developed to lower disability costs, protect the employability of workers, and promote early return to work.MethodsA stratified random sample of 455 employers in education (n = 157), hotel/motel (n = 110), and health care (n = 188) sectors who completed a mailed Organizational Policies and Practices (OPP) questionnaire is reported. The OPP questionnaire asked questions about eight workplace disability management practices. The article examined the multi‐dimensionality, internal consistency, and discriminant validity of the OPP and compares disability management practices across the three sectors.ResultsThe OPP questionnaire showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.95) and discriminant validity. A one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for each of the eight subscales demonstrated that there were statistically significant differences between the sectors in ergonomic practices (F(2,452) = 15.8,P< 0.001), disability case management (F(2,452) = 4.6,P< 0.01), return to work (F(2,452) = 10.3,P< 0.001), and people‐oriented culture (F(2,452) = 4.5,P< 0.01).ConclusionsOn examining disability management practices in education, hotel/motel, and health care sectors, the OPP seems to be a promising instrument that can be used to assess and monitor how employers are managing disability. Am. J. Ind. Med. 47:217–226, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.