Globalization, Structural Change, and Productivity Growth, with an Update on Africa
Globalization, Structural Change, and Productivity Growth, with an Update on Africa
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DOI：
10.1016/j.worlddev.2013.10.012
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发表时间：
2014-11-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Verduzco-Gallo, Inigo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McMillan, Margaret;Rodrik, Dani;Verduzco-Gallo, Inigo
传统经济和现代经济之间劳动生产率的巨大差距是发展中社会的一个基本现实。在本文中，我们记录了这些差距，并强调劳动力从低生产率活动向高生产率活动的流动是发展的关键驱动力。我们的研究结果表明，自1990年以来，非洲和拉丁美洲的结构性变化一直是增长放缓，劳动力从低生产率部门转移到高生产率部门，其中最引人注目的变化发生在拉丁美洲。我们的研究结果还表明，非洲的情况似乎正在好转：2000年后，结构性变化对非洲的整体生产率增长做出了积极贡献。对非洲来说，这些结果令人鼓舞。此外，非洲大陆大部分地区的生产力和工业化水平很低，这表明通过结构改革实现增长的潜力巨大。(C)2014由Elsevier Ltd.出版
Large gaps in labor productivity between the traditional and modern parts of the economy are a fundamental reality of developing societies. In this paper, we document these gaps, and emphasize that labor flows from low-productivity activities to high-productivity activities are a key driver of development. Our results show that since 1990 structural change has been growth reducing with labor moving from low - to high- productivity sectors - in both Africa and Latin America, with the most striking changes taking place in Latin America. Our results also show that things seem to be turning around in Africa: after 2000, structural change contributed positively to Africa's overall productivity growth. For Africa, these results are encouraging. Moreover, the very low levels of productivity and industrialization across most of the continent indicate an enormous potential for growth through structural change. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd.