Clinical Features of Nicotine Dependence Compared with Those of Alcohol, Methamphetamine, and Inhalant Dependence
Clinical Features of Nicotine Dependence Compared with Those of Alcohol, Methamphetamine, and Inhalant Dependence
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尼古丁依赖与酒精、甲基苯丙胺和吸入依赖的临床特征比较
DOI：
10.1196/annals.1316.059
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
K. Fukui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Miyata;J. Kono;S. Ushijima;T. Yanagita;K. Miyasato;K. Fukui
摘要：为比较尼古丁依赖与其他滥用药物相关的临床特征，设计了一种新的临床评估表。开发了一种新的临床评价评分系统。量表包括主观影响、喜欢（药物）、戒断症状、急性身心障碍和社交障碍五个项目。我们进行了初步的临床调查，以检验评估表格的有效性。研究对象是那些表现出对尼古丁（吸烟，n= 40）、酒精（n= 39）、甲基苯丙胺（n= 31）和吸入剂（n= 30）依赖的人，他们符合DSM - IV - TR药物依赖标准，无视“药物使用的不适应模式，导致临床显着损害或痛苦”的状态，并给予书面知情同意参加本研究。尼古丁引起轻度或最低程度的主观影响、喜好、精神和身体戒断症状，没有任何明显的社交障碍或急性障碍。与酒精，喜欢，戒断综合征，急性身体障碍突出。甲基苯丙胺产生最严重的急性精神障碍，伴有严重的急性身体障碍和精神戒断症状。吸入剂的特点是严重程度的急性精神障碍。在社交障碍方面，酒精、甲基苯丙胺和吸入剂的影响比尼古丁更显著。我们的研究结果表明，使用新的临床评价表可以评价药物依赖的临床特征。尼古丁依赖与其他药物依赖的临床特点有待进一步研究。
Abstract: A new clinical evaluation form was developed to compare the clinical features of nicotine dependence with those associated with other abused drugs. A new scoring system for clinical evaluation was developed. The form consisted of five scoring items: subjective effects, liking (of drug), withdrawal syndrome, acute psychic and physical disorders, and social disturbance. A preliminary clinical investigation was performed to test the validity of the evaluation form. Study subjects were those showing dependence on nicotine (cigarette smoking, n= 40), alcohol (n= 39), methamphetamine (n= 31), and inhalants (n= 30), who fulfilled the DSM‐IV‐TR criteria for drug dependence disregarding the state of “a maladaptive pattern of substance use, leading to clinically significant impairment or distress,” and gave written informed consent for participation in the study. Nicotine caused a mild or the least degree of subjective effects, liking, and psychic and physical withdrawal symptoms, without any significant social disturbance or acute disorders. With alcohol, liking, withdrawal syndrome, and acute physical disorders were prominent. Methamphetamine produced the most serious acute psychic disorders, with intensive acute physical disorders and psychic withdrawal symptoms. Inhalants were characterized by an intensive degree of acute psychic disorders. As for social disturbance, alcohol, methamphetamine, and inhalants showed more significant influence than nicotine. Our study findings revealed that the clinical features of drug dependence could be evaluated by using the new clinical evaluation form. Further study is required to clarify the clinical features of nicotine dependence compared with those of other drugs of dependence.
静脉注射尼古丁和可卡因对吸烟可卡因滥用者的主观和生理影响。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1999
期刊：
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.
影响因子：
--
作者：
Jones,HE;Garrett,BE;Griffiths,RR
通讯作者：
Griffiths,RR