A Structural Equation Model to Decipher Relationships among Water, Sanitation, and Health in Colonias -Type Unincorporated Communities
A Structural Equation Model to Decipher Relationships among Water, Sanitation, and Health in Colonias -Type Unincorporated Communities
复制标题
解读殖民地型非法人社区中水、卫生设施和健康之间关系的结构方程模型
DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.0c05355
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Saleh, Navid B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rowles, Lewis Stetson;Whittaker, Tiffany;Ward, Peter M.;Araiza, Isabel;Kirisits, Mary Jo;Lawler, Desmond F.;Saleh, Navid B.
美国-墨西哥边境的殖民地通常是低收入家庭自建的社区，缺乏基本的基础设施。虽然一些政府援助提供了道路和电力，但许多殖民地仍然缺乏水和污水处理服务。这项研究首次通过收集水样和调查，收集了这些非建制社区的水、卫生、健康和生活条件的综合数据集；研究人员研究了德克萨斯州三个地理上不同的县的23个殖民地的114个家庭。水质是通过传统的微生物指标、氯和砷来评估的。这个复杂的数据集需要一个先进的统计工具来理清不同因素之间的关系。利用结构方程模型来识别被测变量和被测变量之间的关系。该模型显示，拥有水井/拉水的殖民地居民准确地预测了他们的水质，而那些使用处理过的自来水的居民往往认为他们的水比实际情况更差。居住质量和与卫生下水道的连接分别影响感知的健康风险和家庭健康。此外，这些社区对使用点水处理的需求和愿望是压倒性的。这一模式可以为决策提供信息，并可用于探索其他地方非建制社区的水和卫生的其他问题和社会动态。
Thecoloniasalong the United States—Mexico border are generally self-built neighborhoods of low-income families that lack basic infrastructure. While some government assistance has provided roads and electricity, water and wastewater services are still lacking in manycolonias. This research is the first to collect a comprehensive dataset on water, sanitation, health, and living conditions in these unincorporated neighborhoods through collection of water samples and surveys; 114 households in 23coloniasacross three geographically diverse Texas counties are studied. Water quality is assessed via traditional microbial indicators, chlorine, and arsenic. This complex dataset requires an advanced statistical tool to disentangle relationships among diverse factors. Structural equation modeling is utilized to identify relationships among surveyed and measured variables. The model reveals thatcoloniasresidents with well/hauled water accurately predict their water quality, while those with treated+piped water tend to think that their water is worse than it actually is. Dwelling quality and connection to sanitary sewers influence perceived health risks and household health, respectively. Furthermore, these communities have an overwhelming need and desire for point-of-use water treatment. This model can inform decision making and may be adapted to probe other questions and social dynamics for water and sanitation in unincorporated communities elsewhere.