Self-organized criticality as a fundamental property of neural systems.
Self-organized criticality as a fundamental property of neural systems.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnsys.2014.00166
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Gross T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hesse J;Gross T
神经临界假说指出，大脑可能在不同类型动力学之间的边界处处于临界状态。理论和实验研究表明，关键系统通常表现出最佳的计算特性，这表明关键性可能已被进化选择为我们神经系统的有用特征。在细胞培养物、脑切片和麻醉动物中已经发现了其重要性的证据。然而，在清醒的动物和人类中记录的结果不一致，目前的结果指出了关于临界的确切性质和机制及其功能作用的开放性问题。因此，临界性假说一直是一个有争议的命题。在这里，我们提供了临界性的数学和物理基础的说明。根据这个概念框架，我们然后回顾和讨论最近的实验研究，目的是确定下一步要采取的重要步骤以及与应该探索的其他领域的联系。
The neural criticality hypothesis states that the brain may be poised in a critical state at a boundary between different types of dynamics. Theoretical and experimental studies show that critical systems often exhibit optimal computational properties, suggesting the possibility that criticality has been evolutionarily selected as a useful trait for our nervous system. Evidence for criticality has been found in cell cultures, brain slices, and anesthetized animals. Yet, inconsistent results were reported for recordings in awake animals and humans, and current results point to open questions about the exact nature and mechanism of criticality, as well as its functional role. Therefore, the criticality hypothesis has remained a controversial proposition. Here, we provide an account of the mathematical and physical foundations of criticality. In the light of this conceptual framework, we then review and discuss recent experimental studies with the aim of identifying important next steps to be taken and connections to other fields that should be explored.