Hydrosols of orange blossom (Citrus aurantium), and rose flower (Rosa damascena and Rosa centifolia) support the growth of a heterogeneous spoilage microbiota
Hydrosols of orange blossom (Citrus aurantium), and rose flower (Rosa damascena and Rosa centifolia) support the growth of a heterogeneous spoilage microbiota
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DOI：
10.1016/j.foodres.2015.07.014
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发表时间：
2015-10-01
影响因子：
8.1
通讯作者：
Carlin, Frederic
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Labadie, Cecile;Ginies, Christian;Carlin, Frederic
水溶胶是芳香植物的水蒸馏产物。它们含有少于1 g/L的分散精油，赋予感官特性。水溶胶易受微生物增殖的影响。腐败的原因必须在支持生长的基质和微生物污染物的性质中找到。对22个枳壳水溶胶样品的精油成分和微生物区系进行了研究。SSP.阿马拉湖（橙子开花）、蔷薇属（Rosa）米勒（Rose Miller）、和洋蔷薇Rosa centifolia L. (rose C.）的花被分析以确定导致腐烂的因素。精油中的中位浓度为677 mg/L（橙子开花水溶胶）和205 mg/L（玫瑰D）。水溶胶，玫瑰C为116 mg/L。水溶胶干物质含量在4.0 ~ 702 mg/L之间，碳水化合物含量在0.21 ~ 0.38 mg/L之间。这些非挥发性化合物很可能在蒸馏过程中通过引发和发泡效应被携带，并且可以被微生物用作营养物。当储存在非无菌容器中时，在环境温度和5 ℃下，在所有研究的水溶胶中均观察到微生物增殖。在污染的水溶胶中，最大计数约为7 log（10）CFU/mL，而法国药典建议最大总细菌计数为2 log（10）CFU/mL。分离的微生物群体由环境革兰氏阴性细菌组成，排列在四个主要属中：假单胞菌属，洋葱伯克霍尔德氏菌复合体，以及可能属于醋藓科和杜鹃花科的两个新属。在这些细菌中，越南伯克霍尔德菌和新鞘氨醇菌能够代谢挥发性化合物，如香叶醇以产生6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮或香叶酸，或乙酸苯乙酯以产生2-苯基乙醇。水溶胶或冷藏中的EO浓度不足以确保微生物稳定性。为了确保微生物的稳定性，还需要使用化学防腐剂或无菌包装。（C）2015爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Hydrosols are hydrodistillation products of aromatic plants. They contain less than 1 g/L of dispersed essential oils giving organoleptic properties. Hydrosols are subjected to microbial proliferation. Reasons for spoilage have to be found in the nature of substrates supporting growth and of microbiological contaminants. The composition in essential oils and the microbiota of 22 hydrosol samples of Citrus aurantium L. ssp. amara L. (orange blossom), Rosa damascena Miller (rose D.), and Rosa centifolia L. (rose C.) flowers were analyzed to determine the factors responsible for decay. The median concentrations in essential oils were 677 mg/L for orange blossom hydrosols, 205 mg/L for rose D. hydrosols, and 116 mg/L for rose C. hydrosols. The dry matter content of these hydrosols varied between 4.0 mg/L and 702 mg/L, and the carbohydrate content varied between 0.21 mg/L and 0.38 mg/L. These non-volatile compounds were likely carried over during distillation by a priming and foaming effect, and could be used as nutrients by microorganisms. A microbial proliferation at ambient temperature and also at 5 degrees C has been observed in all studied hydrosols when stored in a non-sterile container. In contaminated hydrosols, maximal counts were about 7 log(10) CFU/mL, while the French pharmacopeia recommends a maximal total bacterial count of 2 log(10) CFU/mL Neither yeast nor mold was detected. The isolated microbial population was composed of environmental Gram-negative bacteria, arranged in four major genera: Pseudomonas sp., Burkholderia cepacia complex, and presumably two new genera belonging to Acetobacteraceae and Rhodospirillaceae. Among those bacteria, Burkholderia vietnamiensis and Novosphingobium capsulatum were able to metabolize volatile compounds, such as geraniol to produce 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one or geranic acid, or phenylethyl acetate to produce 2-phenylethanol. EO concentrations in hydrosols or cold storage are not sufficient to insure microbiological stability. Additional hurdles such as chemical preservatives or aseptic packaging will be necessary to insure microbial stability. (C ) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.