Early enhancement of fluid transport in rabbit proximal straight tubules after loss of contralateral renal excretory function.
Early enhancement of fluid transport in rabbit proximal straight tubules after loss of contralateral renal excretory function.
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对侧肾排泄功能丧失后，兔近端直管中液体运输的早期增强。
DOI：
10.1172/jci111058
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发表时间：
1983
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Brenner,BM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tabei,K;Levenson,DJ;Brenner,BM
为了评估肾功能对排泄能力降低的适应性，我们研究了单侧（左肾）肾切除术（UNX）、输尿管梗阻（UO）或输尿管腹膜吻合术（UP）后麻醉的容量充盈兔的全肾和单个肾单位功能。在24小时，尽管对侧（右）肾脏没有可测量的肥大，但与假手术对照动物相比，这些手术显著增加了对氨基马尿酸清除率（45-54%）和菊粉清除率（CIN）（64-110%）。在各组中，全肾钠重吸收与CIN的升高成比例增加。为了确定近曲小管节段的内在转运能力是否被这些操作改变，我们测量了体外灌注的分离的浅表近曲小管（PST）节段的液体体积重吸收率（Jv），比较每个对照小管（通过实验操作前即刻左肾活检获得）24 h或7 d后从对侧肾脏获得相应的小管节段。假手术24 h动物中的对照小管Jv平均为0.48 +/- 0.04 nl/（min X mm）。Jv在假动作后24小时或7天没有显著变化，但在UNX [Δ Jv = 0.13 +/- 0.03 nl/（min X mm）]、UO [Δ Jv = 0.10 +/- 0.04 nl/（min X mm）]和UP [Δ Jv = 0.13 +/- 0.04 nl/（min X mm）]后24小时显著增加。在UNX和UO后7 d，Jv仍以相似的量增加。为了评估肾小球滤过率（GFR）的增加是否可能是Jv值增加的刺激因素，每天向假手术动物给予甲基强的松龙（MP）（15 mg/kg/d），这一策略诱导CIN在第5天增加73%。该程序还在第5天产生PST中Jv的显著增加[Δ Jv = 0.16 +/- 0.05 nl/（min X mm）]。在UNX-7 d和MP-5d中，每组在5或7 d时Jv的明显增加被肾小管细胞体积和表观小管管腔表面积的等效变化所抵消;在任何组中，在24 h时这些指数或表观小管管腔表面积均无明显增加。因此，兔肾排泄功能降低50%引起对侧肾中肾血浆流速和GFR的调整，这在24 h时是明显的。PST中Jv的同时变化与CIN或一些相关的血液动力学过程密切相关，但似乎不需要肾小管细胞体积或表观表面积的增加。能够检测到这些小的体内变化Jv可能来自增强的灵敏度的配对肾实验，使用肾活检获得的小管段。
To assess the renal functional adaptation to reduced excretory capacity, we studied whole kidney and single nephron function in anesthetized volume-replete rabbits after unilateral (left kidney) nephrectomy (UNX), ureteral obstruction (UO), or ureteroperitoneostomy (UP). At 24 h, despite the absence of measurable hypertrophy of the contralateral (right) kidney, these procedures significantly increased p-aminohippurate clearance (45-54%) and inulin clearance (CIN) (64-110%) compared with sham-operated control animals. In each group, whole kidney sodium reabsorption increased in proportion to the rise in CIN. To determine whether the intrinsic transport capacity of proximal tubule segments is altered by these maneuvers, we measured fluid volume reabsorption rate (Jv) in isolated superficial proximal straight tubule (PST) segments perfused in vitro, comparing each control tubule (obtained by biopsy of the left kidney immediately before an experimental maneuver) with a corresponding tubule segment obtained 24 h or 7 d later from the contralateral kidney. Control tubule Jv in sham-24 h animals averaged 0.48 +/- 0.04 nl/(min X mm). Jv did not change significantly at 24 h or 7 d after sham maneuvers but increased significantly at 24 h after UNX [delta Jv = 0.13 +/- 0.03 nl/(min X mm)], UO [delta Jv = 0.10 +/- 0.04 nl/(min X mm)], and UP [delta Jv = 0.13 +/- 0.04 nl/(min X mm)]. Jv remained increased by similar amounts at 7 d after UNX and UO. To evaluate whether an increase in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) might be the stimulus to this augmentation in Jv values, methylprednisolone (MP) (15 mg/kg per d) was administered daily to sham-operated animals, a maneuver which induced a 73% rise in CIN by day 5. This procedure also produced a significant increase in Jv in PST at 5 d [delta Jv = 0.16 +/- 0.05 nl/(min X mm)]. The increase in Jv evident in each group at 5 or 7 d was paralleled by an equivalent change in tubule cell volume and apparent tubule luminal surface area in UNX-7d and MP-5d; no such increments in these indices, or in apparent tubule serosal surface area were evident at 24 h in any group. Thus, a 50% reduction in renal excretory function in the rabbit provokes adjustments in renal plasma flow rate and GFR in the contralateral kidney, which are evident by 24 h. The concurrent change in Jv in PST is closely related to CIN or some associated hemodynamic process, but does not appear to require an increase in tubule cell volume or apparent surface area. The ability to detect these small in vivo changes in Jv may derive from the enhanced sensitivity of paired-kidney experiments using tubule segments obtained by renal biopsy.
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