Imbibition and rheology of polymer-matrix nanoporous metal composites: Towards extrusion-based 3D printing
Imbibition and rheology of polymer-matrix nanoporous metal composites: Towards extrusion-based 3D printing
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DOI：
10.1016/j.compositesb.2023.110913
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发表时间：
2023-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Hasib;S. Niauzorau;N. Kublik;Sayli Jambhulkar;Yizhen Zhu;Dharneedar Ravichandran;Xiangjia Li;Kenan Song;B. Azeredo
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文献类型：
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作者：
A. Hasib;S. Niauzorau;N. Kublik;Sayli Jambhulkar;Yizhen Zhu;Dharneedar Ravichandran;Xiangjia Li;Kenan Song;B. Azeredo
当与添加剂制造相结合时，纳米多孔金属可以被塑造成具有分层扩散路径的多功能和交叉指3D电路，这对于优化电化学存储设备至关重要。为了开发一种挤压法制备纳米多孔金属及其复合材料的新方法，本文研究了一种新型聚合物基复合材料，该复合材料由高填充分数(>；45%)脱合金合成的球形纳米多孔铜粉(PMC-NP-Cu)增强，可与熔融纤维制备(FFF)相结合。通过考察聚合物的润湿性、流变性和密度与聚合物分子量(MW)的函数关系，特别是在与其平均孔径(22 Nm)相当的旋转半径(Rg)范围内，研究了聚合物对金属纳米孔的毛细吸附作用。结果表明，熔体相对分子质量最小的熔体粘度偏离了经典粘度标度(即η∞相对分子质量1)，这归因于聚合物对纳米孔的吸附和复合材料的致密化。当分子量分别为5和200 mg/mol时，考虑渗吸作用后，增强相的体积分数分别增加了16%和8%，使其零剪切粘度增加了两个数量级。这些结果与PMC-NP-Cu长丝在较高的堆积因子(即47%)下的挤出性测试有关。这一研究成果可能有助于将纳米多孔金属集成到基于粘结剂的3D打印技术中，以制造交叉型电池电极和多功能3D打印电子产品。
When combined with additive manufacturing, nanoporous metals can be shaped into multifunctional and interdigitated 3D circuits with hierarchical diffusional pathways, critical for optimizing electrochemical storage devices. In an attempt to develop a method for extrusion-based additive manufacturing of nanoporous metals and their composites, this paper examines a new polymer matrix composite reinforced with spherical nanoporous copper powders (PMC-NP-Cu) synthesized by dealloying at high fill fractions (>45 vol%), that can be integrated with fused filament fabrication (FFF). The role of capillary imbibition of the polymer into the metal's nanopores was investigated by examining their wettability, rheology, and density as a function of polymer's molecular weight (MW) particularly for a range of radius of gyration (Rg) between 2 and 20 nm comparable to its average pore size (22 nm). It was found that the melt viscosity of PMC-NP-Cu with the shortest Mwdeparted from classical viscosity scaling (i.e., η ∞ MW1) which is attributed to the polymer imbibition into nanopores and composite densification. For molecular weights equal to 5 and 200 kg/mol, it was found that the volume fraction of the reinforcing phase was 16% and 8% higher respectively when imbibition was accounted for, resulting in an increase of two orders of magnitude in its zero-shear viscosity. These results correlated to the extrudability tests of PMC-NP-Cu filaments at higher packing factors (i.e., 47 vol%) for FFF. The insight of this study might be beneficial to integrate nanoporous metals into binder-based 3D printing technology to fabricate interdigitated battery electrodes and multifunctional 3D printed electronics.