Enzymatic antioxidant system in vascular inflammation and coronary artery disease.
Enzymatic antioxidant system in vascular inflammation and coronary artery disease.
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DOI：
10.5493/wjem.v5.i4.218
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发表时间：
2015-11-20
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Balzan, Silvana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lubrano, Valter;Balzan, Silvana
在生物系统中，活性氧（ROS）的产生和中和之间存在平衡。这种平衡由天然抗氧化剂和抗氧化酶如超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的存在来维持。代谢性疾病或不良生活方式引起的脂质过氧化作用增强或抗氧化保护作用降低可导致内皮功能障碍和动脉粥样硬化。临床研究表明，氧化应激可以增加ROS，减少抗氧化防御的形成，特别是在冠状动脉疾病（CAD）患者中。一些观察结果表明，在疾病的早期阶段，抗氧化酶系统响应于增加的自由基而进行稳态上调，以防止血管损伤。一旦自由基达到长期升高的水平，这种补偿就会停止。因此，SOD和其他酶可能是抗ROS的良好治疗靶点，但它们不是诊断CAD的有用标志物。总之，抗氧化酶在代谢性疾病和CAD的存在下减少。然而，促进其酶活性的基因的存在可能有助于创造用于治疗由代谢疾病或增加血浆ROS水平的生活方式引起的损伤的新药。
In biological systems there is a balance between the production and neutralization of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This balance is maintained by the presence of natural antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase. The enhancement of lipid peroxidation or the decrease of antioxidant protection present in metabolic diseases or bad lifestyle can induce endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Clinical studies have shown that oxidative stress can increase ROS reducing the formation of antioxidant defences, especially in subjects with coronary artery disease (CAD). Some observation indicated that in the early stages of the disease there is a homeostatic up-regulation of the antioxidant enzyme system in response to increased free radicals to prevent vascular damage. As soon as free radicals get to chronically elevated levels, this compensation ceases. Therefore, SOD and the other enzymes may represent a good therapeutic target against ROS, but they are not useful markers for the diagnosis of CAD. In conclusion antioxidant enzymes are reduced in presence of metabolic disease and CAD. However the existence of genes that promote their enzymatic activity could contribute to create new drugs for the treatment of damage caused by metabolic diseases or lifestyle that increases the plasma ROS levels.