PERCEPTION OF SHAPE FROM SHADING
PERCEPTION OF SHAPE FROM SHADING
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DOI：
10.1038/331163a0
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发表时间：
1988-01-14
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
RAMACHANDRAN, VS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
RAMACHANDRAN, VS
人类的视觉系统可以通过图像强度的变化快速准确地推导出表面的三维方向1 - 5。这种从阴影中感知形状的能力是人类视觉中最重要但却鲜为人知的方面之一。在这里，我们提出了几个可能有助于揭示这种能力背后的计算机制的发现。首先，我们发现从阴影中感知形状是一个全局操作，它假设只有一个光源照亮整个视觉图像。这意味着，如果同时观察两个相同的物体，并从不同的角度照射，那么我们一次只能准确地感知其中一个物体的三维形状。其次，完全由阴影定义的三维形状可以为表观运动的感知提供标记，这表明运动机制在它可以使用的输入类型中非常通用。最后，从背景中描绘物体的遮挡边缘也会强烈影响从阴影中感知三维形状。
The human visual system can rapidly and accurately derive the three-dimensional orientation of surfaces by using variations in image intensity alone1–5.This ability to perceive shape from shading is one of the most important yet poorly understood aspects of human vision. Here we present several findings which may help reveal computational mechanisms underlying this ability. First, we find that perception of shape from shading is a global operation which assumes that there is only one light source illuminating the entire visual image. This implies that if two identical objects are viewed simultaneously and illuminated from different angles, then we would be able to perceive three-dimensional shape accurately in only one of them at a time. Second, three-dimensional shapes that are defined exclusively by shading can provide tokens for the perception of apparent motion, suggesting that the motion mechanism is remarkably versatile in the kinds of inputs it can use. Lastly, the occluding edges which delineate an object from its background can also powerfully influence the perception of three-dimensional shape from shading.