Diverse Functions of Small RNAs in Different Plant-Pathogen Communications.
Diverse Functions of Small RNAs in Different Plant-Pathogen Communications.
复制标题
小RNA在不同植物-病原体通讯中的多种功能。
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2016.01552
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Zhang X
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang J;Yang M;Lu L;Zhang X
RNA沉默是一种利用小RNA(SRNAs)在转录或转录后水平调控基因表达的保守机制。利用RNA沉默机制来防御病原菌侵染的植物最早是在植物与病毒的相互作用中被发现的，后来又在植物与病原菌的不同相互作用中被观察到。RNA沉默不仅负责抑制病毒和类病毒的RNA积累和移动，而且有助于植物对细菌、卵菌和真菌感染的免疫反应。有趣的是，即使是相同的植物sRNA在遇到不同的病原体时也可以扮演不同的角色。另一方面，病原体通过产生直接调节病原体基因表达的sRNA来增强毒力或靶向宿主基因以促进病原体感染来进行中和。本文综述了寄主和病原菌来源的sRNAs的特性和生物发生机制，以及植物利用不同的RNA沉默机制来防御不同的病原体。讨论了这些sRNA在防御和反防御中的功能，以及它们在不同植物-病原菌相互作用中的调控机制。
RNA silencing is a conserved mechanism that utilizes small RNAs (sRNAs) to direct the regulation of gene expression at the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level. Plants utilizing RNA silencing machinery to defend pathogen infection was first identified in plant–virus interaction and later was observed in distinct plant–pathogen interactions. RNA silencing is not only responsible for suppressing RNA accumulation and movement of virus and viroid, but also facilitates plant immune responses against bacterial, oomycete, and fungal infection. Interestingly, even the same plant sRNA can perform different roles when encounters with different pathogens. On the other side, pathogens counteract by generating sRNAs that directly regulate pathogen gene expression to increase virulence or target host genes to facilitate pathogen infection. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of the characterization and biogenesis of host- and pathogen-derived sRNAs, as well as the different RNA silencing machineries that plants utilize to defend against different pathogens. The functions of these sRNAs in defense and counter-defense and their mechanisms for regulation during different plant–pathogen interactions are also discussed.