Regulation of the DNA damage response by ubiquitin conjugation.

Regulation of the DNA damage response by ubiquitin conjugation.
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DOI:
10.3389/fgene.2015.00098
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发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Kashkar H
Kashkar H
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Brinkmann K;Schell M;Hoppe T;Kashkar H

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在DNA损伤的反应中,细胞激活一个高度保守和复杂的基于激酶的信号网络,通常被称为DNA损伤反应(DDR),以保护基因组的完整性。DDR由一系列严格调控的事件组成,包括DNA损伤的检测,损伤部位DNA修复因子的积累,最后是病变的物理修复。在发生压倒性损伤时,DDR通过参与凋亡机制并诱导受损细胞的协调死亡(DNA损伤诱导凋亡,DDIA),引发有害的细胞行为。这些不同的行为涉及控制DDR的几个基因的转录激活。此外,最近的观察强调了泛素化在协调DDR中的作用,提供了一个有助于保证基因组稳定性和细胞稳态的动态细胞调节回路(Popovic等人,)。人类癌症的特征之一是基因组不稳定性(Hanahan and Weinberg,)。毫不奇怪,解除对DDR的管制可能导致人类疾病,包括癌症,并可能诱发对基因毒性抗癌治疗的耐药性(Lord和Ashworth,)。在此,我们总结了泛素信号在DDR中的作用,特别强调了其在癌症中的作用,并强调了泛素偶联机制作为抗癌治疗策略的靶点的治疗价值。
In response to DNA damage, cells activate a highly conserved and complex kinase-based signaling network, commonly referred to as the DNA damage response (DDR), to safeguard genomic integrity. The DDR consists of a set of tightly regulated events, including detection of DNA damage, accumulation of DNA repair factors at the site of damage, and finally physical repair of the lesion. Upon overwhelming damage the DDR provokes detrimental cellular actions by involving the apoptotic machinery and inducing a coordinated demise of the damaged cells (DNA damage-induced apoptosis, DDIA). These diverse actions involve transcriptional activation of several genes that govern the DDR. Moreover, recent observations highlighted the role of ubiquitylation in orchestrating the DDR, providing a dynamic cellular regulatory circuit helping to guarantee genomic stability and cellular homeostasis (Popovic et al.,). One of the hallmarks of human cancer is genomic instability (Hanahan and Weinberg,). Not surprisingly, deregulation of the DDR can lead to human diseases, including cancer, and can induce resistance to genotoxic anti-cancer therapy (Lord and Ashworth,). Here, we summarize the role of ubiquitin-signaling in the DDR with special emphasis on its role in cancer and highlight the therapeutic value of the ubiquitin-conjugation machinery as a target in anti-cancer treatment strategy.
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