Uncertainty from sampling, in the context of fitness for purpose
Uncertainty from sampling, in the context of fitness for purpose
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DOI：
10.1007/s00769-007-0279-0
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发表时间：
2007-07
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
M. Ramsey;M. Thompson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Ramsey;M. Thompson
采样是几乎所有化学测量的一个组成部分，并且通常对测量结果的不确定性产生重大甚至主导作用。然而，与分析相比，抽样带来的不确定性贡献通常被忽略。事实上，尽管在某些应用领域已知采样不确定性超出了分析不确定性，特别是在对原材料（天然或工业）进行测试时，但对采样不确定性知之甚少。 1995 年，本文的作者提出了一个概念和程序框架，用于研究、量化和控制通常在分析之前进行的抽样所产生的不确定性。许多想法都是基于与已建立的程序的类比以及与分析测量质量相关的考虑因素、采样协议验证、采样质量控制和目的适用性等想法。从那时起，许多这些想法都经过实验探索并被证明是有效的。本文总结了迄今为止的进展。
Sampling is an integral part of nearly all chemical measurement and often makes a substantial or even a dominant contribution to the uncertainty of the measurement result. In contrast with analysis, however, the uncertainty contribution from sampling has usually been ignored. Indeed, far less is known about sampling uncertainty, although in some application sectors it is known to exceed the analytical uncertainty, especially when raw materials (natural or industrial) are under test. In 1995 the authors of this paper proposed a framework of concepts and procedures for studying, quantifying, and controlling the uncertainty arising from the sampling that normally precedes analysis. Many of the ideas were based on analogy with well-established procedures and considerations relating to quality of analytical measurement, ideas such as validation of the sampling protocol, sampling quality control and fitness for purpose. Since that time many of these ideas have been explored experimentally and found to be effective. This paper is a summary of progress to date.