Studies with live varicella vaccine and inactivated skin test antigen: protective effect of the vaccine and clinical application of the skin test.
Studies with live varicella vaccine and inactivated skin test antigen: protective effect of the vaccine and clinical application of the skin test.
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水痘活疫苗与灭活皮试抗原的研究：疫苗的保护作用及皮试的临床应用。
DOI：
10.1542/peds.61.4.550
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发表时间：
1978
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Michiaki Takahashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Koichi Baba;H. Yabuuchi;Hidekazu Okuni;Michiaki Takahashi
1975年12月，一名水痘患者住进了一家2岁以下儿童病房。在76名没有水痘病史的儿童中，33名1岁以上的儿童立即接种了每人80个斑块形成单位的小剂量病毒疫苗。43名1岁以下儿童未接种疫苗。在接种疫苗的儿童中，只有8人出现轻度水痘，而在接下来的10周里，所有43名未接种疫苗的儿童都出现了典型的水痘。
1976年7月，另一名水痘患者住进了一间有49名3至5岁儿童的病房。这些儿童立即接受了灭活水痘抗原的皮肤反应试验。20名阴性反应儿童中有17名接种了疫苗，而指标患者和两名发热儿童没有接种疫苗。在17名接种疫苗的儿童中，只有一名在接种疫苗后两周内出现轻微水痘症状，而两名未接种疫苗的儿童在出现指示病例后的四周内出现典型的水痘症状。在29名皮试呈阳性的儿童中，没有一人出现水痘。在7名接种儿童的序贯皮肤试验中，最早在接种后5天就观察到皮肤反应阳性，比中和抗体出现早7至9天。
In December 1975, a patient with varicella was admitted to a ward for children less than 2 years of age. Among 76 children without a history of varicella, 33 children more than 1 year of age were immediately vaccinated with a small viral dose of 80 plaque-forming units per person. Forty-three children less than 1 year of age were left unvaccinated. Among the vaccinated children, only eight exhibited mild varicella, while typical varicella developed in all 43 unvaccinated children during the next ten weeks.
In July 1976, another patient with varicella was admitted to a ward with 49 children 3 to 5 years old. The children were immediately given the skin reaction test with mactivated varicella antigen. Seventeen of the 20 children with negative reactions were vaccinated, while the index patient and two children with fever were not vaccinated. Only one of the 17 vaccinated children showed mild varicella symptoms within two weeks after vaccination, while typical varicella developed in two unvaccinated children during the four weeks after appearance of the index case. Varicella developed in none of the 29 children who had positive skin tests. In the sequential skin test of seven vaccinated children, a positive skin reaction was observed as early as five days after vaccination, which preceded the appearance of neutralization antibody by seven to nine days.