“A Speech That the Entire Ministry May Stand for,” or: Why Diplomats Never Produce Anything New
“A Speech That the Entire Ministry May Stand for,” or: Why Diplomats Never Produce Anything New
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“整个部委都可以支持的演讲”，或者：为什么外交官从不创造任何新东西
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
I. Neumann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
I. Neumann
在挪威外交部的演讲写作民族志材料的绘图，我认为，这种做法和其他人喜欢它整合部设立的工作，使该部的每一个分部都被允许说，并短路外部试图访问其他目的的做法，如量身定制的演讲，观众的需求和期望。演讲首先被视为部的实例。由于外交部是由调解与各不相同的世界的关系的单位组成的，因此有时迫切需要用一个声音说话。事实证明，演讲稿写作就是这样一种做法，而该部的工作是以这样的方式进行的，即保证这种做法能够继续下去，除非政客的外部干预。这一发现支持了迈克尔·赫茨菲尔德（Michael Herzfeld）和玛丽·道格拉斯（Mary Douglas）关于组织整合的假设，同时也详细展示了外交工作惯例如何通过积极贬低创新举措以重复现有形式来确保不变性。因此，变化将从组织的边缘到达组织的内部，在那里，不适应性的成本是最敏感的。因此，外交上的变化可能会由政治家而不是外交官自己发起。
Drawing on ethnographic material on speech writing in the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, I argue that this practice and others like it integrate the Ministry by setting up the work so that every subsection of the Ministry is allowed a say, and by short-circuiting outside attempts to access the practice for other purposes, such as tailormaking speeches to audience needs and expectations. Speeches are treated first and foremost as instantiations of the ministry. Inasmuch as a Ministry of Foreign Affairs consists of units that mediate relationships to widely different worlds, there is a pressing need for it sometimes to speak in one voice. Speech writing turns out to be such a practice, and the work of the ministry is set up in such a way that this is guaranteed to continue, barring outside intervention from politicians. This finding supports the hypotheses of Michael Herzfeld and Mary Douglas about the integration of organizations, while also demonstrating in detail how diplomatic working routines secure invariance by actively relegating innovative moves in order to repeat an already existing form. Change will therefore reach the interior of the organization from its margins, where the costs of non-adaptability is most keenly felt. Change in diplomacy may therefore be expected to be initiated by politicians, not by diplomats themselves.