Effects of Task and Task-Switching on Temporal Inhibition of Return, Facilitation of Return, and Saccadic Momentum During Scene Viewing
Effects of Task and Task-Switching on Temporal Inhibition of Return, Facilitation of Return, and Saccadic Momentum During Scene Viewing
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DOI：
10.1037/xhp0000076
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发表时间：
2015-10-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Dodd, Michael D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mills, Mark;Dalmaijer, Edwin S.;Dodd, Michael D.
在场景观看期间，指向最近注视的位置的扫视相对于其他方向上的扫视倾向于延迟（“延迟效应”），该效应归因于返回抑制（IOR）和/或扫视动量（SM）。先前的工作表明这种效应可能是特定于任务的，这表明注视控制参数是任务相关的，并可能受到任务切换的影响。因此，本研究探讨了任务设置控制的凝视行为使用延迟效应作为衡量任务的性能。延迟效应被测量为相对扫视方向对先前注视持续时间的影响。参与者在每次试验中都被提示执行搜索，记忆或评级任务。任务在纯任务或混合任务块中执行。这种设计允许分离的开关成本和混合成本。关键的结果是，表达的延迟效应在2-回位置是逆转开关与重复试验，返回延迟重复试验，但加快开关试验。重复和切换试验之间的这种差异表明，凝视相关参数可以表示和切换为任务集的一部分。现有的和新的测试解离IOR和SM帐户的延迟效果收敛的结论，延迟在2回位置是由于SM，任务切换影响SM。此外，新的测试同时复制了文献中关于返回便利化（FOR）的非确证性结果，这证实了它的存在，并表明FOR是“反向”SM，当先前和当前的扫视都指向2-back位置时发生。
During scene viewing, saccades directed toward a recently fixated location tend to be delayed relative to saccades in other directions ("delay effect"), an effect attributable to inhibition of return (IOR) and/or saccadic momentum (SM). Previous work indicates this effect may be task-specific, suggesting that gaze control parameters are task-relevant and potentially affected by task-switching. Accordingly, the present study investigated task-set control of gaze behavior using the delay effect as a measure of task performance. The delay effect was measured as the effect of relative saccade direction on preceding fixation duration. Participants were cued on each trial to perform either a search, memory, or rating task. Tasks were performed either in pure-task or mixed-task blocks. This design allowed separation of switch-cost and mixing-cost. The critical result was that expression of the delay effect at 2-back locations was reversed on switch versus repeat trials such that return was delayed in repeat trials but speeded in switch trials. This difference between repeat and switch trials suggests that gaze-relevant parameters may be represented and switched as part of a task-set. Existing and new tests for dissociating IOR and SM accounts of the delay effect converged on the conclusion that the delay at 2-back locations was due to SM, and that task-switching affects SM. Additionally, the new test simultaneously replicated noncorroborating results in the literature regarding facilitation-of-return (FOR), which confirmed its existence and showed that FOR is "reversed" SM that occurs when preceding and current saccades are both directed toward the 2-back location.