Visual-motor expertise in athletes: Insights from semiparametric modelling of 2317 athletes tested on the Nike SPARQ Sensory Station
Visual-motor expertise in athletes: Insights from semiparametric modelling of 2317 athletes tested on the Nike SPARQ Sensory Station
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DOI：
10.1080/02640414.2019.1698090
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发表时间：
2019-11-30
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Appelbaum, Lawrence
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Burris, Kyle;Liu, Sicong;Appelbaum, Lawrence
优秀的运动员不仅跑得更快，击球更有力，跳得更高，而且看得更清楚，反应更快。然而，区分高成就运动员的特定视觉运动技能仍然没有得到很好的理解。在本文中，我们研究了2317名运动员（1871名男性）测试的耐克SPARQ感官站，一个数字测试电池测量视觉，知觉和运动技能相关的运动表现。我们开发了一个多变量高斯变换模型来鲁棒地估计水平，性别和运动类型的视觉运动差异。结果表明，视觉运动性能是上级的运动员在较高的水平，与男性更快的近远眼运动和女性更快的眼手反应时间。有趣的是，棒球和网球等拦截性运动的运动员表现出更好的视觉清晰度，对比敏感度和简单反应时间，而足球和篮球等战略运动的运动员则具有更高的空间工作记忆。这些发现提供了运动员特定领域视觉专业知识的定量证据。
Elite athletes not only run faster, hit harder, and jump higher, but also see and react better. However, the specific visual-motor skills that differentiate high-achieving athletes are still not well understood. In this paper we examine 2317 athletes (1871 male) tested on the Nike SPARQ Sensory Station, a digital test battery measuring visual, perceptual and motor skills relevant for sports performance. We develop a multivariate Gaussian transformation model to robustly estimate visual-motor differences by level, gender, and sport type. Results demonstrate that visual-motor performance is superior for athletes at higher levels, with males faster at near-far eye movements and females faster at eye-hand reaction times. Interestingly, athletes who play interceptive sports such as baseball and tennis exhibit better measures of visual clarity, contrast sensitivity and simple reaction time, while athletes from strategic sports like soccer and basketball have higher measures of spatial working memory. These findings provide quantitative evidence of domain-specific visual expertise in athletes.