Consumption of Substances of Abuse during Pregnancy Increases Consumption in Offspring: Possible Underlying Mechanisms.
Consumption of Substances of Abuse during Pregnancy Increases Consumption in Offspring: Possible Underlying Mechanisms.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnut.2016.00011
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Leibowitz SF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Poon K;Leibowitz SF
滥用药物的相关人类观察研究高度依赖于使用啮齿动物模型来确定控制行为结果的神经和分子机制。这对于妊娠期暴露于非非法滥用物质尤其如此，例如过量的膳食脂肪、乙醇和尼古丁，这些在我们的社会中普遍消耗。在产前接触这些物质会增加后代对这些物质的摄入量，诱发其他行为变化，并影响控制行为的几个大脑区域的神经化学系统。更重要的是，新兴的研究将免疫系统的功能与这些神经化学物质和这些被滥用物质的摄入联系起来。这篇综述文章将总结用于研究产前暴露于饮食脂肪、乙醇或尼古丁引起的后代发育变化的啮齿动物模型。我们将讨论用于将这些物质注入啮齿动物体内的各种技术，并总结已发表的产前暴露于这些物质引起的结果。最后，本综述将涵盖免疫因素在引起这些行为和神经元变化中的作用的一些最新证据。
Correlative human observational studies on substances of abuse have been highly dependent on the use of rodent models to determine the neuronal and molecular mechanisms that control behavioral outcomes. This is particularly true for gestational exposure to non-illicit substances of abuse, such as excessive dietary fat, ethanol, and nicotine, which are commonly consumed in our society. Exposure to these substances during the prenatal period has been shown in offspring to increase their intake of these substances, induce other behavioral changes, and affect neurochemical systems in several brain areas that are known to control behavior. More importantly, emerging studies are linking the function of the immune system to these neurochemicals and ingestion of these abused substances. This review article will summarize the prenatal rodent models used to study developmental changes in offspring caused by prenatal exposure to dietary fat, ethanol, or nicotine. We will discuss the various techniques used for the administration of these substances into rodents and summarize the published outcomes induced by prenatal exposure to these substances. Finally, this review will cover some of the recent evidence for the role of immune factors in causing these behavioral and neuronal changes.