Analysis of Cannabinoid-Containing Fluids in Illicit Vaping Cartridges Recovered from Pulmonary Injury Patients: Identification of Vitamin E Acetate as a Major Diluent
Analysis of Cannabinoid-Containing Fluids in Illicit Vaping Cartridges Recovered from Pulmonary Injury Patients: Identification of Vitamin E Acetate as a Major Diluent
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DOI：
10.3390/toxics8010008
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发表时间：
2020-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Spink, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duffy, Bryan;Li, Lingyun;Spink, David
从2019年6月开始，报告的与vaping相关的严重肺损伤病例显着增加。这种情况被称为电子烟或电子烟产品使用相关的肺损伤（EVALI），似乎不涉及感染因子;相反，怀疑电子烟液体中的化学掺杂物或污染物。2019年8月，沃兹沃斯中心开始接收从EVALI患者中回收的挥发罐进行分析。由于没有关于药筒中可能存在的物质的先验信息，我们采用了使用气相色谱-质谱法和高分辨率质谱法的非靶向分析来识别关注的组分。此外，我们还对纽约医用大麻产品进行了有针对性的分析。在这里，我们报告了对来自前10例纽约EVALI病例的38份样本的分析，我们获得了这些样本的检测盒。非法液体的大麻素含量相对较低，有时具有不寻常的Delta（9）-/Delta（8）-四氢大麻酚比例，有时含有杀虫剂，许多含有稀释剂。值得注意的稀释剂是α-生育酚乙酸酯（维生素E乙酸酯; VEA），在64%的含大麻素的液体中发现。为了调查VEA的潜在来源，我们分析了六种商业大麻油稀释剂/增稠剂。发现三种是> 95%VEA，发现两种主要是角鲨烷，一种主要是α-红没药醇。EVALI的原因未知。VEA和角鲨烷是一些个人护理产品的成分;然而，人们越来越担心大量使用这些化合物是不安全的。
Beginning in June of 2019, there was a marked increase in reported cases of serious pulmonary injury associated with vaping. The condition, referred to as e-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI), does not appear to involve an infectious agent; rather, a chemical adulterant or contaminant in vaping fluids is suspected. In August of 2019, the Wadsworth Center began receiving vaporizer cartridges recovered from patients with EVALI for analysis. Having no a priori information of what might be in the cartridges, we employed untargeted analyses using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-resolution mass spectrometry to identify components of concern. Additionally, we employed targeted analyses used for New York medical marijuana products. Here, we report on the analyses of 38 samples from the first 10 New York cases of EVALI for which we obtained cartridges. The illicit fluids had relatively low cannabinoid content, sometimes with unusual Delta(9)-/Delta(8)-tetrahydrocannabinol ratios, sometimes containing pesticides and many containing diluents. A notable diluent was alpha-tocopheryl acetate (vitamin E acetate; VEA), which was found in 64% of the cannabinoid-containing fluids. To investigate potential sources of the VEA, we analyzed six commercial cannabis-oil diluents/thickeners. Three were found to be >95% VEA, two were found to be primarily squalane, and one was primarily alpha-bisabolol. The cause(s) of EVALI is unknown. VEA and squalane are components of some personal care products; however, there is growing concern that vaping large amounts of these compounds is not safe.