Cytotoxic edema: mechanisms of pathological cell swelling.
Cytotoxic edema: mechanisms of pathological cell swelling.
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DOI：
10.3171/foc.2007.22.5.3
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发表时间：
2007-05-15
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Simard, J Marc
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Liang, Danny;Bhatta, Sergei;Simard, J Marc
脑水肿是由多种影响大脑的病理状况引起的。它与两个独立的病理生理过程有关，这些过程具有不同的分子和生理前因：一个与神经元和星形胶质细胞的细胞毒性（细胞）水肿有关，另一个与Na+和其他离子、水和血清大分子的经毛细血管通量有关。在这篇综述中，作者专注于这两个过程中的第一个。细胞毒性水肿是由于阳离子（主要是Na+）通过阳离子通道不受控制或未补偿的流入引起的。作者综述了不同病理状态下星形胶质细胞和神经元细胞毒性水肿形成的不同阳离子通道。更好地了解这些分子机制有望改善脑水肿和由这一病理过程产生的继发性损伤的治疗。
Cerebral edema is caused by a variety of pathological conditions that affect the brain. It is associated with two separate pathophysiological processes with distinct molecular and physiological antecedents: those related to cytotoxic (cellular) edema of neurons and astrocytes, and those related to transcapillary flux of Na+ and other ions, water, and serum macromolecules. In this review, the authors focus exclusively on the first of these two processes. Cytotoxic edema results from unchecked or uncompensated influx of cations, mainly Na+, through cation channels. The authors review the different cation channels that have been implicated in the formation of cytotoxic edema of astrocytes and neurons in different pathological states. A better understanding of these molecular mechanisms holds the promise of improved treatments of cerebral edema and of the secondary injury produced by this pathological process.