Stigma and Smoking: The Consequences of Our Good Intentions
Stigma and Smoking: The Consequences of Our Good Intentions
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DOI：
10.1086/650349
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发表时间：
2009-12-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Link, Bruce G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stuber, Jennifer;Galea, Sandro;Link, Bruce G.
在美国，吸烟已变得越来越不为社会所接受，而这一变化与烟草使用的下降不谋而合。这种日益增长的社会不可接受性提出了一个重要的新问题：吸烟的人认为他们被污名化了吗？耻辱感可能成为社会控制的一个来源，促使吸烟者决定戒烟，以避免耻辱和社会排斥。然而，吸烟者相关的耻辱可能会产生适得其反的后果，吸烟者，如果耻辱鼓励保密和社会退出从非吸烟者。本研究基于对纽约市吸烟者的随机调查，提供了新的衡量标准，包括感知贬值、感知因吸烟而受到的差别待遇、不吸烟者的社会退缩以及隐瞒吸烟状况。44%的人认为货币贬值，17%的人报告由于吸烟而受到不同待遇。简而言之，研究结果表明，吸烟者的污名化是一种潜在的强大而未被认识的力量，可能会产生适得其反的后果。
Smoking has become increasingly socially unacceptable in the United States, and the change coincides with a decline in tobacco use. This growing social unacceptability raises an important new question: Do people who smoke think they are stigmatized? Stigmas may function as a source of social control, contributing to smokers' decisions to quit in order to avoid stigmatization and social exclusion. However, smoker-related stigmas may have counterproductive consequences for smokers if stigmas encourage secrecy and social withdrawal from nonsmokers. This study, based on a random survey of smokers in New York City, provides new measures of perceived devaluation, perceived differential treatment due to smoking, social withdrawal from nonsmokers, and concealment of smoking status. Forty-four percent perceive devaluation and 17 percent report experiencing differential treatment due to smoking. In short, the results suggest that the stigmatization of smokers is a potentially powerful and unrecognized force, one that may have counterproductive consequences.