Abundance and Emission Flux of the Anthropogenic Iron Oxide Aerosols From the East Asian Continental Outflow
Abundance and Emission Flux of the Anthropogenic Iron Oxide Aerosols From the East Asian Continental Outflow
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东亚大陆外流人为氧化铁气溶胶的丰度和排放通量
DOI：
10.1029/2018jd028665
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Takami Akinori
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yoshida Atsushi;Ohata Sho;Moteki Nobuhiro;Adachi Kouji;Mori Tatsuhiro;Koike Makoto;Takami Akinori
人为氧化铁气溶胶可以影响大气辐射、海洋生物地球化学和人类健康。然而，由于缺乏观测数据，它们的大气丰度和排放通量还没有得到很好的了解。在这项研究中，我们于2016年3月在中国东海的一个偏远地点使用改进的单粒子烟尘光度计（SP2）观测了FeOx（170-2100 nm）和炭黑（BC，70-850 nm）气溶胶的尺寸分辨浓度。光信号测量的SP2和粒子的形态和成分分析的透射电子显微镜显示，大多数观察到的氧化铁气溶胶是人为的起源。中国大气团中FeOx与BC质量浓度（R2= 0.717）和一氧化碳（CO）质量浓度（R2= 0.718）之间存在明显的相关性，表明它们的排放源在空间上具有相似性。质量浓度（ng/m3）的相关斜率分别为~0.3和0.0015。根据BC和CO的相关斜率和中国的排放清单，我们估算了中国人为排放的FeO气溶胶的排放通量为0.21-0.49 FeTg/yr。基于观测到的粒径分布和以往对FeOx和非FeOx质量分数的研究，我们还估算了PM10中人为Fe（FeOx+非FeOx）的排放通量为0.74-1.7 FeTg/yr。这些排放通量从中国是可比的全球排放通量在目前报告的清单人为Fe（0.51-1.91 FeTg/年）。我们的研究结果表明，目前的排放清单人为铁被低估。
Anthropogenic iron oxide (FeOx) aerosols can affect atmospheric radiation, marine biogeochemistry, and human health. However, due to lack of observational data, their atmospheric abundance and emission flux are not well understood. In this study, we observed size‐resolved concentrations of FeOx(170–2100 nm) and black carbon (BC, 70–850 nm) aerosols at a remote site in the East China Sea in March 2016 using a modified single‐particle soot photometer (SP2). Light signals measured by the SP2 and particle morphology and compositions analyzed by a transmission electron microscope revealed that most of the observed FeOxaerosols are of anthropogenic origin. Clear correlations were found between mass concentrations of FeOxand BC (R2= 0.717) and between FeOxand carbon monoxide (CO) (R2= 0.718) in air masses from China, indicating that their emission sources are spatially similar. The correlation slopes of mass concentration (ng/m3) are ~0.3 and 0.0015, respectively. Based on the correlation slopes and emission inventories of BC and CO in China, we estimated emission flux of anthropogenic FeOxaerosols from China to be 0.21–0.49 FeTg/yr. Based on the observed size distribution and previous studies on mass fraction of FeOxand non‐FeOx, we also estimated emission flux of anthropogenic Fe (FeOx+ non‐FeOx) in PM10as 0.74–1.7 FeTg/yr. These emission fluxes from China are comparable to global emission fluxes in currently reported inventories of anthropogenic Fe (0.51–1.91 FeTg/yr). Our results suggest that the current emission inventories of anthropogenic Fe are underestimated.