Risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection in United States blood donors
Risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection in United States blood donors
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DOI：
10.1002/hep.510310329
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发表时间：
2000-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
13.5
通讯作者：
Nemo, GJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Murphy, EL;Bryzman, SM;Nemo, GJ
注射吸毒（IDU）是已知的丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染的危险因素，但其他胃肠外和性危险因素的强度尚不清楚。1997年，我们对2,316名HCV血清阳性献血者和2,316名血清阴性献血者进行了一项病例对照研究，这些献血者在年龄、性别、种族/民族、血液中心以及首次献血者与重复献血者之间进行了匹配。采用条件Logistic回归计算比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。758名（33%）HCV阳性受试者和1，039名（45%）对照受试者返回了样本（P = .001），最终的多变量模型仅包括以下独立的HCV风险因素：IDU（OR = 49.6; 95%CI：20.3-121.1），非IDU输血（OR = 10.9; 95% CI，6.5-18.2），性别与IDU（OR = 6.3; 95%CI：3.3-12.0），入狱3天以上（OR = 2.9; 95%CI：1.3-6.6），宗教划痕（OR = 2.8; 95%CI：1.2-7.0），曾被带血物体卡住或割伤（OR = 2.1; 95% CI：1.1-4.1），耳洞或身体部位（OR = 2.0; 95%CI：1.1-3.7），免疫球蛋白注射（OR = 1.6; 95% CI：1.0-2.6），虽然药物吸入和大量的终身性伴侣在HCV血清阳性者中明显更常见，在控制IDU和其他危险因素后，他们与HCV无关。在美国献血者中，注射吸毒者、非注射吸毒者之间的输血以及与注射吸毒者发生性关系是HCV的强风险因素，与监禁、宗教划痕、被带血物体刺伤或割伤、耳朵穿孔或身体部位以及免疫球蛋白注射的关联较弱，必须谨慎解释。
Injection drug use (IDU) is a known risk factor for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, but the strength of other parenteral and sexual risk factors is unclear, In 1997, we performed a case-control study of 2,316 HCV-seropositive blood donors and 2,316 seronegative donors matched on age, sex, race/ethnicity, blood center, and first-time versus repeat-donor status. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using conditional logistic regression. Questionnaires were returned by 758 (33%) HCV+ and 1,039 (45%) control subjects (P = .001), The final multivariate model included only the following independent HCV risk factors: IDU (OR = 49.6; 95% CI: 20.3-121.1), blood transfusion in non-IDU (OR = 10.9; 95% CI, 6.5-18.2), sex with an IDU (OR = 6.3; 95% CI: 3.3-12.0), having been in jail more than 3 days (OR = 2.9; 95% CI: 1.3-6.6), religious scarification (OR = 2.8; 95% CI: 1.2-7.0), having been stuck or cut with a bloody object (OR = 2.1; 95% CI: 1.1-4.1), pierced ears or body parts (OR = 2.0; 95% CI: 1.1-3.7), and immunoglobulin injection (OR = 1.6; 95% CI: 1.0-2.6), Although drug inhalation and a high number of Lifetime sex partners were significantly more common among HCV seropositives, they were not associated with HCV after controlling for IDU and other risk factors. IDU, blood transfusion among non-IDU, and sex with an IDU are strong risk factors for HCV among United States blood donors, Weaker associations with incarceration, religious scarification, being stuck or cut with a bloody object, pierced ears or body parts, and immunoglobulin injection must be interpreted with caution.