Morphogenesis of immature female inflorescences of date palm in vitro
Morphogenesis of immature female inflorescences of date palm in vitro
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aoas.2015.04.003
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发表时间：
2015-06
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
E. Zayed;O. H. A. Elbar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Zayed;O. H. A. Elbar
枣椰未成熟雌花序植株再生栽培品种Siwi（半干品种），实现了体细胞胚胎发生。将未成熟花序外植体培养在补充有1.0mg/l TDZ的Murashige和Skoog（MS）培养基上。测定了内源激素（GA 3、IAA、玉米素和阿坝）、可溶性总糖（还原糖和非还原糖）、游离氨基酸、吲哚和酚类物质。愈伤组织中GA 3和IAA含量在愈伤组织中达到最高值，然后下降。胚性愈伤组织中玉米素、IAA和阿坝含量较高。成熟体细胞胚中GA 3和玉米素保持较高水平，IAA和阿坝下降。可溶性总糖及其组分含量在外植体阶段达到最高显著水平。胚性愈伤组织阶段诱导的总可溶性糖，游离氨基酸，酚类和吲哚浓度显着增加相比，愈伤组织和成熟体细胞胚。培养4-5周后，用TDZ诱导愈伤组织。愈伤组织在无细胞分裂素培养基上分化为胚性愈伤组织。光学显微镜观察表明，愈伤组织由两种不同类型的细胞组成，一种是不参与胚形成的软质空泡细胞，另一种是具有产生体细胞胚能力的致密聚集细胞团。
Plant regeneration from immature female inflorescences of date palm (Phoenix dactyliferaL.) cultivar Siwi (semi-dry cv.),viasomatic embryogenesis was achieved. Immature inflorescences explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with TDZ at 1.0 mg/l. Endogenous hormones (GA3, IAA, Zeatin and ABA), total soluble sugars (reducing and non-reducing sugars), free amino acids, indoles and phenols were determined. The levels of GA3and IAA in explant reached the highest values and then decreased in callus stage. Zeatin, IAA, and ABA levels were higher in embryogenic callus. GA3and zeatin in mature somatic embryo maintained a relatively high level while IAA and ABA dropped. The highest significant values of total soluble sugars and their fractions were noted in explant stage. Embryogenic callus stage induced a significant increase in total soluble sugars, free amino acids, phenols and indoles concentrations as compared to callus and mature somatic embryo. Callus induction was achieved by TDZ after 4–5 weeks of culture. The callus differentiated into embryogenic calli on free cytokinin medium. Light microscope observations revealed that the callus consisted of two different types of cells, soft vacuolated cells which did not implicate in embryo formation and compact aggregate cell masses which have the ability to generate the somatic embryos.