Age-related and gender-related changes in monaural speech recognition
Age-related and gender-related changes in monaural speech recognition
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DOI：
10.1044/jslhr.4002.444
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发表时间：
1997-04-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Mills, JH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dubno, JR;Lee, FS;Mills, JH
以前对老年人的研究表明，语音识别能力与年龄有关。然而，这些结果的解释并不简单，因为听觉阈值，占语音识别分数的方差的最大比例，也随年龄变化很大。在这里，年龄，性别和听觉阈值对语音识别的几个措施的影响进行了评估，为一个大样本的个人参加了一项纵向研究与年龄有关的听力损失。参与者年龄在55-84岁之间。他们进行了评估与电池的常规听力测量和语音识别材料，包括NU-6单音节词，合成句子识别句子，高上下文和低上下文的句子从噪音测试中的语音感知。进行了两项分析，以确保语音识别分数随年龄的变化独立于听觉阈值的年龄相关变化进行检查。在第一次分析中，对于三个年龄组（55-64岁、65-74岁、75-84岁）的个人，没有观察到语音识别的显着差异，这些年龄组的平均纯音阈值在5分贝以内。在第二次分析中，使用偏相关来调整分数和年龄。对于与平均阈值的关联，观察到男性在最大单词识别、最大合成句子识别和高上下文句子中的关键词识别方面随年龄的显著下降。对于女性，任何测试均未观察到语音识别随年龄的显著变化。
Previous studies of older listeners suggest age-related declines in speech recognition. However, the interpretation of these results is not straightforward because auditory thresholds, which account for the largest proportion of the variance in speech-recognition scores, also vary considerably with age. Here, effects of age, gender, and auditory thresholds on several measures of speech recognition were assessed for a large sample of individuals enrolled in a longitudinal study of age-related hearing loss. Participants ranged in age from 55-84 years. They were evaluated with a battery of conventional audiometric measures and speech-recognition materials, including NU-6 monosyllabic words, Synthetic Sentence Identification sentences, and high-context and low-context sentences From the Speech Perception in Noise test. Two analyses were conducted to assure that changes in speech-recognition scores with age were examined independently of age-related changes in auditory thresholds. In the first analysis, no significant differences in speech recognition were observed for individuals in three age groups (55-64, 65-74, 75-84 years) who were selected so that average pure-tone thresholds for the groups were within 5 dB. In the second analysis, using partial correlations to adjust both score and age For their association with average thresholds, significant declines with age were observed for males in maximum word recognition, maximum synthetic sentence identification, and keyword recognition in high-context sentences. For females, no significant changes in speech recognition with age were observed for any test.