Meta-analysis: abundance, behavior, and hydraulic energy shape biotic effects on sediment transport in streams.
Meta-analysis: abundance, behavior, and hydraulic energy shape biotic effects on sediment transport in streams.
复制标题
荟萃分析：丰度、行为和水力能影响河流中沉积物输送的生物效应。
DOI：
10.1890/13-2138.1
复制
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
D. Allen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. K. Albertson;D. Allen
越来越多的研究强调需要弥合生态学和地貌学学科。大量案例研究表明，生物体可以影响侵蚀，但仍缺乏对生物对沉积物输运条件影响的全面了解。我们使用荟萃分析来综合已发表的数据，以量化生物体的丰度、体型和行为对溪流侵蚀的影响。我们还探讨了水流速度、流量和沉积物粒度对生物侵蚀作用强度的影响。我们发现，增加侵蚀（破坏稳定剂）和减少侵蚀（稳定剂）的物种可以改变早期沉积物运动、沉积物悬浮和沉积物沉积，使其超过不存在生物体的控制条件。当直接控制丰度时，这些生物效应在丰度较高的处理中始终更强，效应大小增加了 66%。人均效应大小和人均生物量也始终呈正相关。鱼类和甲壳类动物是研究最多的生物体，但在考虑生物量后，水生昆虫的效应大小比其他类型的生物体增加了 550 倍。在流量较低和颗粒尺寸较小的溪流中，我们始终发现更强的生物效应。总的来说，这些发现提供了综合证据，表明生物学可以影响溪流中的物理过程，并且这些影响可以通过水力能量来调节。我们建议未来的研究重点关注未充分研究的生物体，例如生物膜，在现实的现场条件下进行实验，并在恢复的背景下提出生物对侵蚀和流速流影响的假设，以更好地了解介导河流生态系统中物理扰动的力量。
An increasing number of studies have emphasized the need to bridge the disciplines of ecology and geomorphology. A large number of case studies show that organisms can affect erosion, but a comprehensive understanding of biological impacts on sediment transport conditions is still lacking. We use meta-analysis to synthesize published data to quantify the effects of the abundance, body size, and behavior of organisms on erosion in streams. We also explore the influence of current velocity, discharge, and sediment grain size on the strength of biotic effects on erosion. We found that species that both increase erosion (destabilizers) and decrease erosion (stabilizers) can alter incipient sediment motion, sediment suspension, and sediment deposition above control conditions in which the organisms were not present. When abundance was directly manipulated, these biotic effects were consistently stronger in the higher abundance treatment, increasing effect sizes by 66%. Per capita effect size and per capita biomass were also consistently positively correlated. Fish and crustaceans were the most studied organisms, but aquatic insects increased the effect size by 550 x compared to other types of organisms after accounting for biomass. In streams with lower discharge and smaller grain sizes, we consistently found stronger biotic effects. Taken collectively, these findings provide synthetic evidence that biology can affect physical processes in streams, and these effects can be mediated by hydraulic energy. We suggest that future studies focus on understudied organisms, such as biofilms, conducting experiments under realistic field conditions, and developing hypotheses for the effect of biology on erosion and velocity currents in the context of restoration to better understand the forces that mediate physical disturbances in stream ecosystems.
影响因子：
18.3
作者：
E. Vignaga;D. Sloan;Xiaoyu Luo;H. Haynes;V. Phoenix;W. Sloan
通讯作者：
E. Vignaga;D. Sloan;Xiaoyu Luo;H. Haynes;V. Phoenix;W. Sloan